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Dactoscopy in Human Identification: A Retrospective Study in Bhubaneswar City
S Bhuvaneshwari1, Shreetapa Chand1, Dipak Chaudhari2
1Kalinga Institute of Dental Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.
Journal of Pharmacy & Bioallied Sciences
|September 1, 2023
Summary
Fingerprint patterns, including loops and whorls, show distinct variations across different fingers and can be reliably used for human identification. This study found significant correlations between fingerprint patterns and gender, supporting their use in forensic science.
Area of Science:
- Forensic Science
- Anthropology
Background:
- Human identification relies on various methods like DNA, dental records, and anthropometry.
- Fingerprints are a unique and stable biometric trait used in forensic identification.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze fingerprint patterns and assess their reliability for individual identification.
- To investigate potential correlations between fingerprint patterns (dermatoglyphics) and gender.
Main Methods:
- A retrospective study was conducted in Bhubaneswar, collecting and analyzing fingerprint patterns.
- Sir Henry Galton's classification system was employed to categorize fingerprint patterns.
- Statistical analysis using IBM SPSS was performed to identify significant correlations.
Main Results:
- The study identified specific common fingerprint patterns for different fingers, such as Type A on the right and left little fingers and Type C on the left ring finger.
- Statistically significant correlations were observed between dermatoglyphic patterns and gender.
Conclusions:
- Fingerprint pattern analysis is a reliable method for human identification in forensic investigations.
- The observed correlations between fingerprint patterns and gender support their utility as trustworthy forensic evidence.
