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Updated: Jul 1, 2026

Use of the Operant Orofacial Pain Assessment Device OPAD to Measure Changes in Nociceptive Behavior
Published on: June 10, 2013
ENHANCED: Assessment of Effects of Reducing Opioid Use Through Multimodal Anesthesia in Recovery Protocols: A
Adeeba Shabnam1, Nipun Addla2, Etikala Pravallika Reddy2
1Department of Anaesthesia, Katuri Medical College, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India.
Background:
Opioid-based analgesia has been a cornerstone of postoperative pain management. However, its extensive use is associated with significant risks, including dependency and adverse side effects. Multimodal anesthesia (MMA) strategies, combining various pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions, have been proposed to reduce opioid use, while maintaining effective analgesia.
Methods:
Clinical research was led with subjects undergoing elective surgeries. Patients were divided into two groups: one receiving traditional opioid-based anesthesia (TOA) and the other utilizing MMA. Pain scores, recovery time, and opioid consumption were assessed.
Results:
Patients in the MMA group demonstrated significantly lower opioid consumption (P < 0.05) and improved recovery times compared to the traditional group. Pain scores were comparable across both groups, with a slight advantage observed in the MMA cohort.
Conclusion:
MMA effectively reduces opioid requirements without compromising pain control, potentially enhancing postoperative recovery. Further studies are warranted to establish long-term outcomes.
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