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COVID-19-related mortality in Texas border counties vs non-border counties
Amna Obaid1, Seyed Khalafi1, Alok K Dwivedi2
1Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso, El Paso, TX, USA.
Summary
COVID-19 patients in Texas border counties faced higher mortality and critical care admission rates. This study highlights significant health disparities impacting these communities during the pandemic.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Epidemiology
- Health Disparities
Background:
- Texas ranked second in COVID-19 cases nationally.
- Border counties experienced severe pandemic impacts.
- COVID-19 outcomes are linked to comorbidities, severity, and demographics, but border vs. non-border differences were unknown.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare clinical outcomes of COVID-19 patients in Texas border versus non-border counties.
- To identify potential health disparities in COVID-19 patient management.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective observational study using Texas hospital inpatient discharge data (2020-2021).
- Included adult patients with COVID-19 (ICD-10 codes).
- Categorized patients into border or non-border counties, analyzing mortality, length of stay, ICU/CCU admissions, and costs.
Main Results:
- 25% of admitted COVID-19 patients were from border counties.
- Border counties had higher mortality (5.35% vs. 3.87%) and ICU/CCU admission rates.
- Significantly higher risks observed in border counties for mortality (RR=1.26), ICU admission (RR=1.15), CCU admission (RR=2.87), and combined ICU/CCU admission (RR=1.28).
Conclusions:
- COVID-19 patients in Texas border counties experienced worse clinical outcomes.
- These findings indicate significant health disparities in COVID-19 management for border populations.
- Further research and targeted interventions are needed for these vulnerable communities.
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