Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 17, 2025
Assessing Urinary Tract Junction Obstruction Defects by Methylene Blue Dye Injection
Published on: October 12, 2017
Transient hypertension with urinary tract infection in congenital hydronephrosis
Haruka Fukayama1, Hiro Nakao2, Kentaro Nishi3
1MD, National Center for Child Health and Development, Department of General Pediatrics & Interdisciplinary Medicine, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 157-8535, Japan, and National Center for Child Health and Development, Center for Postgraduate Education and Training, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 157-8535, Japan.
Introduction:
Hypertension is occasionally associated with congenital hydronephrosis.
Case Report:
The authors report a four-month-old boy with severe left congenital hydronephrosis and transient hypertension triggered by his first urinary tract infection (UTI). Despite the satisfactory UTI clinical course, he suddenly developed severe hypertension (130/80 mmHg) on the ninth day of UTI. His aldosterone level was within the reference range and his plasma renin activity was slightly elevated. Although his hypertension was refractory to calcium channel blockers, an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor was effective for hypertension. On day 24, he was able to discontinue the antihypertensive without organ damage.
Conclusions:
Although the precise cause of hypertension was unclear in our case, we considered it to be temporary renin-associated hypertension due to decreasing renal blood flow due to UTI in a patient with severe congenital hydronephrosis. In pediatric UTI, particularly in patients with unilateral hydronephrosis, blood pressure monitoring is very important.
Related Concept Videos
01:27Acute Pyelonephritis I: Introduction
01:26Urinary Tract Infection I: Introduction
01:29Acute Kidney Injury II: Pathophysiology
01:25Urinary Tract Infection II: Pathophysiology
01:30Urinary Tract Infection III: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care
01:20Disorders of the Urinary System
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are one of the most common urinary system disorders. They are caused by bacteria that enter the urethra and can spread to the bladder resulting in cystitis. Pyelonephritis is the result of a UTI that has ascended to the level of the...