Spinal Melorheostosis: A Rare Presentation

A 22-year-old female patient was referred to the orthopaedic department for further examination after a radiopaque area was observed in the T6 vertebra in her chest radiograph. Computed Tomography (CT) showed a sclerotic mass with smooth borders, involving the entire body of the T6 vertebra, left posterior elements, posterior of the rib past the left zygapophyseal joint, and a "flowing candle wax" image toward the T7 vertebra. Spinal melorheostosis was considered radiologically in the patient, but malignancy could not be completely excluded. Thereupon, open biopsy was performed under general anesthesia.

Spinal melorheostosis is a rare condition. Histological examination should be considered in cases where the diagnosis remains suspicious after clinical and radiological evaluations.