The Numerical Analysis of Force and Comparison of Pulse Magnet and Electromagnetic Forming Coil

As an important energy conversion component in electromagnetic-forming technology, the coil is subjected to great internal stress and is easy to break. The geometric structure and winding process of the forming coil draw on the research results of pulsed magnets. However, the two use conditions are different. It is very important to clarify the force difference between the two for the design of the forming coil. In this paper, the numerical model of an aluminum alloy (AA1060-O) is established, and the difference in force between the pulse magnet and forming coil with the same size in time and space under different working conditions is analyzed. A two-dimensional fully coupled finite element model consisting of circuit, magnetic field, and solid mechanics is established and used to determine the key parts of the coil force. It is found that the von Mises stress of the forming coil is greater than that of the pulsed magnet under the same circuit parameters and geometric structure. In the electromagnetic forming of the tube, the glass fiber is subjected to a large stress. In addition, the stress of glass fiber under the condition of tube necking is about 2 times that of pulsed magnet. When the voltage is increased, the failure of the middle part of the glass fiber causes the coil to break. In the electromagnetic forming of the sheet, the coil skeleton is subjected to large stress, and its upper end failure causes the coil to break. Therefore, new design ideas for forming coils under different working conditions are proposed.