Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Bending of Curved Members - Neutral Surface01:16

Bending of Curved Members - Neutral Surface

203
In curved beams, unlike straight beams, the stress distribution across the cross-section is not uniform due to the beam's curvature. This non-uniformity arises because the neutral axis, where stress is zero, does not align with the centroid of the section. In a curved beam, the strain varies along the section as a function of the distance from the neutral axis.
Consider the curved member described in the previous lesson. According to Hooke's law, which relates stress to strain within...
203
Drawing Free-body Diagrams: Rules01:16

Drawing Free-body Diagrams: Rules

13.1K
The first step in describing and analyzing most phenomena in physics involves the careful drawing of a free-body diagram. Free-body diagrams are useful in analyzing forces acting on an object or system, and are employed extensively in the study and application of Newton's laws of motion. The steps to draw a free-body diagram are listed below:
13.1K
Hydrostatic Pressure Force on a Curved Surface01:04

Hydrostatic Pressure Force on a Curved Surface

1.9K
Hydrostatic pressure on curved surfaces is a fundamental concept in fluid mechanics with broad applications in the civil engineering field. When fluid is in contact with a curved surface, as in a reservoir, dam, or storage tank, it exerts pressure that varies in magnitude and direction along the curved surface. To assess the total hydrostatic force exerted by the fluid on a curved structure, engineers typically isolate the fluid volume adjacent to the surface and analyze the forces acting on...
1.9K
Free-body Diagrams: Problem Solving01:30

Free-body Diagrams: Problem Solving

741
Free-body diagrams are essential tools for physicists and engineers studying the motion of objects. Free-body diagrams are graphical representations of the object or system under consideration, and they focus solely on the essential forces acting on the object. This tool helps break down complex problems into simpler models that are easier to understand and solve.
For example, consider a block with a mass of 10 kg released on an inclined plane at an angle of 30° to the horizontal, where...
741
Plane Potential Flows01:23

Plane Potential Flows

414
Plane potential flows simplify fluid motion by assuming the fluid to be irrotational and incompressible. These characteristics allow these flows to be described by a velocity potential function, ϕ, representing the flow speed in a given direction, and a stream function, ψ, that visualizes the flow path, both governed by Laplace's equation. These parameters help in estimating flow patterns, velocity distributions, and pressure fields around various hydraulic structures.
Uniform...
414
Response Surface Methodology01:16

Response Surface Methodology

173
Response Surface Methodology (RSM) is a collection of statistical and mathematical techniques used to develop, improve, and optimize processes. It is particularly valuable when many input variables or factors potentially influence a response variable.
The process of RSM involves several key steps:
173

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Bioorthogonally Cross-Linked Injectable PEG Hydrogel with Robust Hemostatic and Antibacterial Properties.

Gels (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same author

A bird's-eye view for future ionic thermoelectrics: from ions to products.

National science review·2026
Same author

Study motivations and perceived academic and career returns among international students in clinical medicine education in China: an interview study.

BMC medical education·2026
Same author

Low-power biomimetic ionic thermoelectric device for multi-gas olfaction.

National science review·2026
Same author

Acidification Dominates over Hypoxia in Controlling Estuarine Nitrogen Removal Dynamics under Coupled Stressors.

Environmental science & technology·2026
Same author

Single-precursor-derived carbon and nitrogen co-doped CuO nanozymes for colorimetric detection of tetracycline.

Analytical methods : advancing methods and applications·2026
Same journal

Long-term stabilization of intensity-difference squeezing from four-wave mixing in rubidium vapor.

Optics express·2026
Same journal

Robust 3D topography measurement of large-range high-aspect-ratio structures based on dual-domain statistical filtering in SD-OCT.

Optics express·2026
Same journal

Broadband transmissive terahertz metasurface for simultaneous quad-mode OAM multiplexing.

Optics express·2026
Same journal

Leveraging two-dimensional materials for high-sensitivity optical sensors: quasi-bound states in the continuum within hybrid metasurfaces.

Optics express·2026
Same journal

Resolution investigation for dual-spherical-wave optical scanning holographic microscopy: methods and performance.

Optics express·2026
Same journal

Robustness of parallel subnetwork-filtered diffractive deep neural networks.

Optics express·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 16, 2025

Free-form Light Actuators — Fabrication and Control of Actuation in Microscopic Scale
08:17

Free-form Light Actuators — Fabrication and Control of Actuation in Microscopic Scale

Published on: May 25, 2016

9.3K

Automatic control method for freeform surface shapes.

Dewen Cheng, Danyang Li, Cheng Yao

    Optics Express
    |September 15, 2023
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    This study introduces an automated method for designing complex freeform optics, simplifying the control of surface shapes. The new approach enhances manufacturability by gradually controlling principal curvature and sag departure during optimization.

    More Related Videos

    Knowledge Based Cloud FE Simulation of Sheet Metal Forming Processes
    11:05

    Knowledge Based Cloud FE Simulation of Sheet Metal Forming Processes

    Published on: December 13, 2016

    12.2K
    Structural Design and Manufacturing of a Cruiser Class Solar Vehicle
    14:57

    Structural Design and Manufacturing of a Cruiser Class Solar Vehicle

    Published on: January 30, 2019

    13.9K

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Jul 16, 2025

    Free-form Light Actuators — Fabrication and Control of Actuation in Microscopic Scale
    08:17

    Free-form Light Actuators — Fabrication and Control of Actuation in Microscopic Scale

    Published on: May 25, 2016

    9.3K
    Knowledge Based Cloud FE Simulation of Sheet Metal Forming Processes
    11:05

    Knowledge Based Cloud FE Simulation of Sheet Metal Forming Processes

    Published on: December 13, 2016

    12.2K
    Structural Design and Manufacturing of a Cruiser Class Solar Vehicle
    14:57

    Structural Design and Manufacturing of a Cruiser Class Solar Vehicle

    Published on: January 30, 2019

    13.9K

    Area of Science:

    • Optical Engineering
    • Computational Optics

    Background:

    • Designing freeform optics offers enhanced performance but demands precise control over complex surface shapes.
    • Current design processes for freeform optics are iterative and heavily reliant on designer experience, impacting efficiency and manufacturability.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop an automated method for controlling freeform surface shapes, improving the design and manufacturability of complex optical systems.
    • To reduce the reliance on manual adjustments and designer expertise in the freeform optics design process.

    Main Methods:

    • An outer loop was integrated into the optimization process to gradually control principal curvature and sag departure.
    • The method utilizes system requirements and surface evaluation results to guide the shape control during optimization.
    • The proposed method was implemented using CODE V optical design software.

    Main Results:

    • The automated control method was successfully applied to a design example involving freeform prism optics.
    • Demonstrated effective control over freeform surface shapes, addressing manufacturability concerns.
    • The approach streamlines the design process for complex freeform optical elements.

    Conclusions:

    • The proposed automatic control method offers a robust solution for designing complex freeform optics.
    • This technique enhances the manufacturability of freeform surfaces by providing precise shape control.
    • The study highlights the potential of automated design tools in advancing optical engineering.