Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Mechanisms of Heat Transfer II01:20

Mechanisms of Heat Transfer II

3.3K
In convection, thermal energy is carried by the large-scale flow of matter. Ocean currents and large-scale atmospheric circulation, which result from the buoyancy of warm air and water, transfer hot air from the tropics toward the poles and cold air from the poles toward the tropics. The Earth’s rotation interacts with those flows, causing the observed eastward flow of air in the temperate zones. Convection dominates heat transfer by air, and the amount of available space for the airflow...
3.3K
Mechanism of heat transfer01:19

Mechanism of heat transfer

1.2K
Understanding heat transfer mechanisms is essential for understanding how our bodies maintain balance in different environmental conditions. When the environment is thermoneutral, the body is in a state of balance, neither using nor releasing energy to maintain its core temperature. However, when the environment is not thermoneutral, the body employs four heat transfer mechanisms to maintain homeostasis: conduction, convection, evaporation, and radiation. These mechanisms facilitate heat...
1.2K
Mechanisms of Heat Transfer01:14

Mechanisms of Heat Transfer

359
Heat transfer between the human body and its environment occurs through four main mechanisms: conduction, convection, radiation, and evaporation.
Conduction, accounting for approximately 3% of body heat loss at rest, is the process of exchanging heat between molecules of two materials in direct contact. This can result in both heat loss and gain. For instance, when the body is submerged in water, which conducts heat 20 times more effectively than air, it can either lose or gain significant...
359
Mechanisms of Heat Transfer I01:14

Mechanisms of Heat Transfer I

4.3K
Just as interesting as the effects of heat transfer on a system are the methods by which the heat transfer occur. Whenever there is a temperature difference, heat transfer occurs. It may occur rapidly, such as through a cooking pan, or slowly, such as through the walls of a picnic ice box. So many processes involve heat transfer that it is hard to imagine a situation where no heat transfer occurs. Yet, every heat transfer takes place by only three methods: conduction, convection, and radiation.
4.3K
Electrostatic Boundary Conditions in Dielectrics01:27

Electrostatic Boundary Conditions in Dielectrics

1.2K
When an electric field passes from one homogeneous medium to another, crossing the boundary between the two mediums imparts a discontinuity in the electric field. This results in electrostatic boundary conditions that depend on the type of mediums the field propagates through.
Consider a case where both the mediums across a boundary are two different dielectric materials. Recall that the electric field and electric displacement are proportional and related through the material's...
1.2K
Joule-Thomson Effect01:21

Joule-Thomson Effect

4.2K
The Joule-Thomson effect, also known as the Joule-Kelvin effect, describes the temperature change of a fluid when it is forced through a valve or porous plug while keeping it in a thermally insulated environment. This experiment is called a throttling process. This is an important effect widely used in refrigeration and the liquefaction of gases.
This experiment forces high-pressure gas through a throttle valve or a porous plug to a lower-pressure region. The gas expands as it passes through to...
4.2K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Engineering CO<sub>2</sub> Reduction Pathways via Alloy-Support Interactions in Li-CO<sub>2</sub> Batteries.

Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)·2026
Same author

Empowering coaching in youth basketball: the balancing mechanism between coaching authority and athlete autonomy.

Frontiers in psychology·2026
Same author

Association between trajectory of intracranial pressure and all-cause mortality in patients with non-traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage: A retrospective cohort study from 2008 to 2022.

Neurosurgical review·2026
Same author

TLR4 knockout ameliorates acute LPS-sensitized tolvaptan-induced idiosyncratic liver injury by disrupting drug metabolism, inflammation, and bile acid homeostasis.

Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association·2026
Same author

Intermolecular Interaction-Induced Polarity Modulation of Carbonate Electrolyte for Fast-Kinetics Hard Carbon Anodes in Durable Sodium-Ion Batteries.

Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)·2026
Same author

Semiconductive MOF-Based Supercapacitor Diodes.

ACS nano·2026
Same journal

Erratum: Bacterial Turbulence at Compressible Fluid Interfaces [Phys. Rev. Lett. 136, 138301 (2026)].

Physical review letters·2026
Same journal

Unveiling Light-Quark Yukawa Flavor Structure via Dihadron Fragmentation at Lepton Colliders.

Physical review letters·2026
Same journal

Adaptable Route to Fast Coherent State Transport via Bang-Bang-Bang Protocols.

Physical review letters·2026
Same journal

Topological Transition and Emergence of Elasticity of Dislocation in Skyrmion Lattice: Beyond Kittel's Magnetic-Polar Analogy.

Physical review letters·2026
Same journal

Pound-Drever-Hall Method for Superconducting-Qubit Readout.

Physical review letters·2026
Same journal

Coupling a ^{73}Ge Nuclear Spin to an Electrostatically Defined Quantum Dot in Silicon.

Physical review letters·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 16, 2025

Orientational Transition in a Liquid Crystal Triggered by the Thermodynamic Growth of Interfacial Wetting Sheets
06:26

Orientational Transition in a Liquid Crystal Triggered by the Thermodynamic Growth of Interfacial Wetting Sheets

Published on: May 15, 2017

7.2K

Structural Evolution Governs Reversible Heat Generation in Electrical Double Layers.

Liang Zeng1, Ming Chen1, Zhenxiang Wang1

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China.

Physical Review Letters
|September 18, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Supercapacitor heat generation during electrical double layer (EDL) formation can be endothermic or exothermic. This study reveals complex thermal behaviors in aqueous and ionic liquid electrolytes, driven by structural changes.

More Related Videos

Identification and Quantification of Decomposition Mechanisms in Lithium-Ion Batteries; Input to Heat Flow Simulation for Modeling Thermal Runaway
11:25

Identification and Quantification of Decomposition Mechanisms in Lithium-Ion Batteries; Input to Heat Flow Simulation for Modeling Thermal Runaway

Published on: March 7, 2022

4.6K
Evolution of Staircase Structures in Diffusive Convection
07:28

Evolution of Staircase Structures in Diffusive Convection

Published on: September 5, 2018

6.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 16, 2025

Orientational Transition in a Liquid Crystal Triggered by the Thermodynamic Growth of Interfacial Wetting Sheets
06:26

Orientational Transition in a Liquid Crystal Triggered by the Thermodynamic Growth of Interfacial Wetting Sheets

Published on: May 15, 2017

7.2K
Identification and Quantification of Decomposition Mechanisms in Lithium-Ion Batteries; Input to Heat Flow Simulation for Modeling Thermal Runaway
11:25

Identification and Quantification of Decomposition Mechanisms in Lithium-Ion Batteries; Input to Heat Flow Simulation for Modeling Thermal Runaway

Published on: March 7, 2022

4.6K
Evolution of Staircase Structures in Diffusive Convection
07:28

Evolution of Staircase Structures in Diffusive Convection

Published on: September 5, 2018

6.6K

Area of Science:

  • Electrochemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Physical Chemistry

Background:

  • Electrical double layer (EDL) formation is crucial for supercapacitor reversible heat generation.
  • Classical theories predict exothermic heat, but experimental data show endothermic behavior is possible, influenced by polarization and electrolyte type.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the reversible heat of EDL formation in aqueous and ionic liquid (IL) electrolytes.
  • To explore the underlying mechanisms governing the thermal behavior of supercapacitors.

Main Methods:

  • Constant-potential molecular dynamics simulations were employed.
  • A lattice gas model was developed to analyze EDL formation dynamics.

Main Results:

  • EDL formation in aqueous electrolytes shows endothermicity under negative polarization.
  • Ionic liquid electrolytes exhibit a complex thermal profile: endothermicity followed by exothermicity, irrespective of electrode polarity.
  • Thermal behavior is dictated by structural evolution, with solvent molecules dominating in aqueous electrolytes and "demixing"/'vacancy occupation' in ILs.

Conclusions:

  • The study provides novel insights into the reversible heat generation in supercapacitors.
  • A theoretical framework is presented for analyzing the thermal dynamics of EDLs.