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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 16, 2025

Investigating Pain-Related Avoidance Behavior using a Robotic Arm-Reaching Paradigm

Investigating Pain-Related Avoidance Behavior using a Robotic Arm-Reaching Paradigm

Published on: October 3, 2020

Agency influences vicarious approach/avoidance effects.

Cristina Zogmaister¹, Michela Vezzoli¹, Karoline Bading²

¹Department of Psychology, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy.

Cognition & Emotion

|September 19, 2023

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

People develop preferences through social learning, favoring objects a model approached over those avoided. Agency influenced preferences in one measure, but model identification did not significantly alter this vicarious approach-avoidance effect.

Keywords:

Social learning agency attitudes propositional learning vicarious approach-avoidance

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Area of Science:

Social Psychology
Cognitive Psychology

Background:

Social learning significantly shapes individual preferences.
The vicarious approach-avoidance effect describes preference formation based on observing a model's approach or avoidance behaviors.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate how agency (model's voluntary choice) and identification with the model influence the vicarious approach-avoidance effect.
To assess the impact of these factors on preference formation using distinct measurement tools.

Main Methods:

Two experiments were conducted with 448 participants.
Participants' preferences were measured using the semantic differential and the Implicit Association Test (IAT).
The study manipulated agency and identification with the model.

Main Results:

Vicarious approach-avoidance effects were consistently observed across both measurement methods.
Agency significantly enhanced preferences measured by the semantic differential, but not by the IAT.
Identification with the model did not yield a significant impact on the vicarious approach-avoidance effect.

Conclusions:

The vicarious approach-avoidance effect is a robust phenomenon in social learning.
Agency can modulate preference formation, with its effect potentially varying by measurement technique.
Future research should explore the nuances of social influence on preference development.