A working hypothesis visualization method for fNIRS measurements using Monte Carlo simulation

In neuroscience, clarifying the functional localization of the cerebrum using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is one of the important works. To better understand and trust fNIRS data, neuroscientists formulate hypothesis about the underlying neural processes. However, visualizing and validating these hypotheses is not easy due to the complex nature of brain activity and the limitations of fNIRS measurements. In this paper, we suggest the novel Monte Carlo tool designed to assist fNIRS study for neuroscientists and to deal with these problems. The tool provides a user-friendly interface for generating realistic virtual brain activity patterns based on a specified hypothesis. By setting up a region of interest in the standard brain based on the hypothesis, the simulation models the propagation of light through the brain accurately and mimics the hemodynamic response observed in fNIRS measurements. By visually displaying simulation data and identifying the major activation point, neuroscientists can validate and refine hypothesis and obtain a better understanding of the neural mechanisms underlying the fNIRS signals.•A Monte Carlo simulation method reflecting the functional localization of the cerebrum for fNIRS measurements.•Method for setting ROI corresponding to the functional localization of the cerebrum in the standard brain.•Visualization of Monte Carlo simulation results and anatomical evaluation method of activation points.