Lipschütz Ulcer and SARS-CoV-2: What We Currently Know?

Area of Science:

• Gynecology
• Dermatology
• Infectious Diseases

Background:

• Recent case reports suggest a link between SARS-CoV-2 infection/vaccination and Lipschütz ulcers.
• Lipschütz ulcers are acute vulvar ulcers with unclear etiology.
• The association between SARS-CoV-2 and Lipschütz ulcers requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

• To analyze the association between SARS-CoV-2 infection/vaccination and Lipschütz ulcers.
• To develop a diagnostic and therapeutic algorithm for healthcare professionals.
• To present a case of SARS-CoV-2-associated acute vulvar ulcer.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of papers published between October 2021 and April 2023.
• Case report of a patient with Lipschütz ulcer and SARS-CoV-2 infection.
• Analysis of clinical presentation, timing, and treatment of associated ulcers.

Main Results:

• A correlation between SARS-CoV-2 infection/vaccination and Lipschütz ulcers was observed in most cases.
• Ulcers typically appear 2-4 weeks post-infection/vaccination and may be accompanied by flu-like symptoms.
• Symptomatic treatment is the primary therapeutic approach, consistent across literature and the case report.

Conclusions:

• SARS-CoV-2 infection or vaccination should be considered potential etiopathogenetic factors for Lipschütz ulcers.
• A rapid algorithm can support gynecologists and dermatologists in managing these cases.
• Early recognition and symptomatic management are key for patients presenting with vulvar ulcers post-SARS-CoV-2 exposure.