Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

ECG Interpretation of Arrhythmias II: Atrial, Junctional and Ventricular Arrhythmias01:25

ECG Interpretation of Arrhythmias II: Atrial, Junctional and Ventricular Arrhythmias

33
Arrhythmia is a condition characterized by an irregular heart rhythm, with ECG changes that differ based on its origin and nature. The types of arrhythmias discussed below include atrial, junctional, and ventricular arrhythmias.Atrial ArrhythmiasPremature Atrial Complexes (PACs): PACs are early atrial beats caused by stress, caffeine, alcohol, electrolyte imbalances, hypoxia, hyperthyroidism, or certain medications (e.g., bronchodilators and decongestants). The ECG shows early P waves with an...
33
Disturbances in Heart Rhythm01:28

Disturbances in Heart Rhythm

997
Arrhythmia or dysrhythmia refers to an abnormal heart rhythm caused by a defect in the heart's conduction system. It can cause the heart to beat irregularly, too quickly, or too slowly, leading to symptoms like chest pain, shortness of breath, and fainting. Factors such as stress, caffeine, alcohol, nicotine, cocaine, certain drugs, congenital defects, diseases, and electrolyte abnormalities can trigger arrhythmias.
Arrhythmias are categorized by their speed, rhythm, and origin. A slow...
997
Dysrhythmias V: Evaluating Dysrhythmias01:30

Dysrhythmias V: Evaluating Dysrhythmias

41
Dysrhythmias, also known as arrhythmias, are disturbances in the heart's rhythm that range from benign to life-threatening. A thorough evaluation is crucial for appropriate management and involves a comprehensive medical history, physical examination, and various diagnostic tests.Medical HistorySymptoms: Collect detailed information on palpitations, dizziness, syncope, chest pain, and fatigue. Note their onset, frequency, and triggers.Previous Cardiac Issues: Document any history of heart...
41
Aortic Regurgitation III: Medical Management01:25

Aortic Regurgitation III: Medical Management

24
Aortic regurgitation (AR) is when the aortic valve does not close or seal properly, leading to backward blood circulation from the aorta into the left ventricle during diastole. Common causes of AR include rheumatic heart disease, congenital valve defects, and aortic root dilation. Managing AR requires a multifaceted approach to alleviate symptoms, preserve left ventricular function, and address the underlying cause of the regurgitation. Patients with symptomatic AR or significant left...
24
Aortic Regurgitation II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests01:22

Aortic Regurgitation II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

23
Aortic valve regurgitation (AR) occurs when the aortic valve fails to close properly, allowing blood to flow backward from the aorta into the left ventricle. This backflow can result in two distinct clinical presentations: acute and chronic AR, each characterized by its own set of symptoms and physical findings.Acute Aortic RegurgitationAcute AR presents with a sudden onset of severe symptoms. Patients typically experience profound dyspnea (shortness of breath), chest pain, and signs of left...
23
Dysrhythmias IV: Characteristics of Bradyarrhythmias01:18

Dysrhythmias IV: Characteristics of Bradyarrhythmias

11
Bradyarrhythmias are cardiac rhythm disorders characterized by a slower-than-normal heart rate, typically defined as fewer than 60 beats per minute. Some of which are discussed here:Sinus BradycardiaSinus bradycardia presents a heart rate lower than 60 beats per minute, with a regular rhythm originating from the SA node. The ECG typically shows normal P waves preceding each QRS complex, a normal PR interval (0.12 to 0.20 seconds), and a normal QRS duration (0.06 to 0.10 seconds).First-Degree AV...
11

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Malignancy as a Predictor and Potential Modifier of Laboratory Biomarker Prognostic Value in Acute Pulmonary Embolism.

Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same author

Cardiological aspects of Fabry disease: from diagnosis to therapeutic efficacy assessment.

Orphanet journal of rare diseases·2026
Same author

Association Between Heart Failure Etiology and All-Cause Mortality with Sex-Specific Considerations: Insights from the HEROES Registry.

Journal of clinical medicine·2026
Same author

Guideline on Stress Echocardiography - 2026.

Arquivos brasileiros de cardiologia·2026
Same author

Acute Myocardial Infarction versus Acute Decompensated Heart Failure in Cardiogenic Shock: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Clinical Phenotypes and Mortality.

European journal of heart failure·2026
Same author

Hypercontractile phenotype at rest in chronic coronary syndromes predicts impaired functional reserve and increased mortality.

ESC heart failure·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 15, 2025

Estimating Bilateral Atrial Function by Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Feature Tracking in Patients with Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation
08:10

Estimating Bilateral Atrial Function by Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Feature Tracking in Patients with Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation

Published on: July 20, 2022

1.7K

Rest and Stress Left Atrial Dysfunction in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation.

Angela Zagatina1, Maria Rivadeneira Ruiz2, Quirino Ciampi3

  • 1Cardiology Department, Research Scientific Cardiocenter "Medika", 197110 St. Petersburg, Russia.

Journal of Clinical Medicine
|September 28, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Left atrial dilation and dysfunction are common in chronic coronary syndromes with atrial fibrillation (AF), worsening with AF severity. Stress echocardiography reveals these issues, linking them to increased pulmonary congestion.

Keywords:
atrial fibrillationleft atriumreservoir functionstrainstress echocardiography

More Related Videos

Catheter Ablation in Combination With Left Atrial Appendage Closure for Atrial Fibrillation
28:13

Catheter Ablation in Combination With Left Atrial Appendage Closure for Atrial Fibrillation

Published on: February 26, 2013

33.5K
High-Resolution Endocardial and Epicardial Optical Mapping in a Sheep Model of Stretch-Induced Atrial Fibrillation
09:17

High-Resolution Endocardial and Epicardial Optical Mapping in a Sheep Model of Stretch-Induced Atrial Fibrillation

Published on: July 29, 2011

14.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 15, 2025

Estimating Bilateral Atrial Function by Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Feature Tracking in Patients with Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation
08:10

Estimating Bilateral Atrial Function by Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Feature Tracking in Patients with Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation

Published on: July 20, 2022

1.7K
Catheter Ablation in Combination With Left Atrial Appendage Closure for Atrial Fibrillation
28:13

Catheter Ablation in Combination With Left Atrial Appendage Closure for Atrial Fibrillation

Published on: February 26, 2013

33.5K
High-Resolution Endocardial and Epicardial Optical Mapping in a Sheep Model of Stretch-Induced Atrial Fibrillation
09:17

High-Resolution Endocardial and Epicardial Optical Mapping in a Sheep Model of Stretch-Induced Atrial Fibrillation

Published on: July 29, 2011

14.8K

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Echocardiography
  • Atrial Fibrillation Research

Background:

  • Left atrial (LA) myopathy is frequent in chronic coronary syndromes (CCS) with atrial fibrillation (AF).
  • LA dysfunction can be occult at rest and only apparent during stress.
  • Understanding LA changes in CCS-AF is crucial for risk stratification.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess left atrial (LA) volume and function at rest and during stress in patients with chronic coronary syndromes (CCS).
  • To evaluate these parameters across the spectrum of atrial fibrillation (AF), from sinus rhythm to permanent AF.
  • To correlate LA changes with inducible ischemia and pulmonary congestion during stress echocardiography.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective, multicenter observational study of 3042 patients with known or suspected CCS.
  • Patients categorized into sinus rhythm (SR), SR with prior paroxysmal AF, and permanent AF groups.
  • Stress echocardiography (SE) performed, measuring left atrial volume index (LAVI) and LA Strain reservoir phase (LASr).

Main Results:

  • Left atrial volume index (LAVI) increased significantly from SR to permanent AF groups, both at rest and stress.
  • LA Strain reservoir phase (LASr) progressively decreased across the AF spectrum, indicating impaired function.
  • Stress-induced B-lines (pulmonary congestion) and inducible ischemia were more frequent in patients with AF.

Conclusions:

  • Rest and stress left atrial dilation and reservoir dysfunction are prevalent in CCS patients with AF, particularly permanent AF.
  • These LA abnormalities are associated with increased inducible ischemia and pulmonary congestion during stress.
  • Stress echocardiography is valuable for detecting occult LA dysfunction in CCS-AF patients.