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Incorporation of Digital Modulation into Vital Sign Detection and Gesture Recognition Using Multimode Radar Systems.

Michael C Brown¹, Changzhi Li¹

¹Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)

|September 28, 2023

Summary

This study introduces a reconfigurable phase-modulated continuous wave (PMCW) radar using digital modulation for vital sign detection and gesture recognition. The digital PMCW radar demonstrates effective differentiation between continuous wave (CW) and PMCW modes for human respiration and gesture detection.

Keywords:

PMCW radar digital radar gesture recognition multimode radar vital-Doppler

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Area of Science:

Electrical Engineering and Computer Science
Biomedical Engineering
Signal Processing

Background:

Increasing radar applications necessitate novel solutions for operating in crowded, low-noise environments.
Advancements in digital systems enable higher speeds and new radar design possibilities.
Digitally controlled phase-modulated continuous wave (PMCW) radar offers potential for reduced radar-radar interference in collocated systems.

Purpose of the Study:

To propose a reconfigurable PMCW radar system utilizing digital carrier modulation.
To evaluate the radar's capability for vital sign detection and gesture recognition.
To compare the performance of various modulation schemes within the proposed radar system.

Main Methods:

Development of a reconfigurable PMCW radar system employing digital modulation.
Utilization of a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) for implementing binary phase modulation on the carrier wave.
Experimental comparison of continuous wave (CW) and PMCW modes for vital sign and gesture detection.

Main Results:

The proposed digital PMCW radar system successfully demonstrated flexibility in modulation speed and sequence.
Experimental results clearly distinguished between CW and PMCW radar responses for human respiration rate measurement.
The system showed efficacy in detecting human gestures using phase modulation.

Conclusions:

The reconfigurable digital PMCW radar is a viable solution for applications requiring high performance in complex environments.
Digital modulation techniques, particularly phase modulation, enhance radar capabilities for sensitive detection tasks.
The proposed system offers a flexible and effective platform for vital sign and gesture recognition.