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Design Considerations for a 120 GHz MIMO Sparse Radar Array Based on SISO Integrated Circuits.

Luigi Ferro¹, Changzhi Li², Emanuele Cardillo¹

¹Department of Engineering, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)

|September 27, 2025

Summary

This study pioneers the design of a modular 120 GHz Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) sparse radar array (SRA) using multiple Single-Input Single-Output (SISO) integrated circuits. It addresses challenges in D-band radar development for commercial applications.

Keywords:

D-band application MIMO radar antenna distance chips positioning millimeter-waves sparse array

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Area of Science:

Electrical Engineering
Radar Systems Engineering
Integrated Circuit Design

Background:

Existing 120 GHz integrated circuit prototypes are documented.
Commercial D-band MIMO radars utilizing multiple SISO ICs are currently unavailable.
Modular design approaches for D-band radar systems are emerging.

Purpose of the Study:

To illustrate the design aspects of a modular 120 GHz MIMO sparse radar array (SRA).
To explore the feasibility of constructing D-band MIMO radars from multiple SISO ICs.
To address the unique challenges associated with modular D-band MIMO radar design.

Main Methods:

Modular design of a 120 GHz MIMO SRA using multiple SISO ICs.
Addressing antenna placement constraints due to fixed chip dimensions.
Investigating optimal inter-chip distances for sparse array configurations.

Main Results:

Demonstration of a pioneering modular design approach for D-band MIMO radar.
Identification of challenges in antenna placement and virtual array design.
Highlighting the sparse configuration resulting from chip width constraints.

Conclusions:

The study presents a novel approach to D-band MIMO radar design.
Modular design using SISO ICs offers a path towards commercialization.
Further research is needed to optimize inter-chip distances in sparse arrays.