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Chemotactic Motility-Induced Phase Separation.

Hongbo Zhao1, Andrej Košmrlj2,3, Sujit S Datta1

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|September 29, 2023
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Motility-induced phase separation (MIPS) in active matter is altered by collective chemotaxis. This directed motion can suppress MIPS or create new instabilities, revealing complex physics in self-organizing systems.

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Area of Science:

  • Physics
  • Soft Matter Physics
  • Chemical Physics

Background:

  • Collectives of active particles exhibit motility-induced phase separation (MIPS), forming distinct dilute and dense phases.
  • MIPS is typically studied for randomly moving particles without directional bias.
  • Many active matter systems display collective chemotaxis, a directed motion influenced by self-generated chemical gradients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the competitive interplay between motility-induced phase separation (MIPS) and collective chemotaxis in active matter systems.
  • To understand how collective chemotaxis influences or suppresses MIPS.
  • To identify novel dynamic instabilities arising from this competition.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical modeling of active particle dynamics.
  • Computational simulations to observe phase separation and collective behaviors.
  • Analysis of particle motion along chemical gradients.

Main Results:

  • Collective chemotaxis significantly competes with MIPS, altering phase separation dynamics.
  • In some scenarios, chemotaxis arrests or completely suppresses MIPS.
  • New dynamic instabilities emerge due to the combined effects of MIPS and chemotaxis.

Conclusions:

  • Collective chemotaxis is a crucial factor that modifies MIPS in active matter.
  • Understanding this competition is key to explaining the behavior of systems like cellular colonies and robotic swarms.
  • The study provides foundational principles for active matter systems exhibiting chemotaxis.