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Updated: Jul 15, 2025

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Hanging: Commonly Encountered by Forensic Experts at Autopsy.

E B Akber1, S Sultana, I Jahan

  • 1Professor (Dr) Elias Bin Akber, Professor & Head, Department of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Cum Project Director Army Medical College Cumilla, Cumilla Cantonment, Bangladesh;

Mymensingh Medical Journal : MMJ
|October 1, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Hanging is a common suicide method in Bangladesh, particularly affecting males aged 31-40. Most cases involved atypical hanging and common materials like clothing, with few neck injuries observed.

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Area of Science:

  • Forensic Medicine
  • Toxicology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Urbanization, industrialization, and digitalization have increased suicidal tendencies.
  • Hanging is a prevalent method for suicide globally and in Bangladesh.
  • Understanding hanging patterns is crucial for suicide prevention strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the epidemiological patterns of hanging cases.
  • To determine the prevalence of hanging as a suicide method in Bangladesh.
  • To analyze demographic and method-specific characteristics of hanging incidents.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective study analyzing autopsy data from Chattogram Medical College.
  • Data collected over three years (January 2015 - December 2017).

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  • Inclusion of 193 hanging cases from 2850 autopsies.

    • Main Results:

    • Hanging constituted 6.73% of all autopsies, with 193 cases identified.
    • The most affected age group was 31-40 years (27.97%), predominantly males (58.03%).
    • Clothing (45.59%) was the most common ligature material; atypical hanging (82.90%) was more frequent than typical hanging (17.09%).
    • Neck injuries were infrequent (13.99%), with rare fractures of the thyroid cartilage (2.59%) and hyoid bone (1.03%).
    • The vast majority of cases (95.85%) were suicidal.

    Conclusions:

    • Hanging remains a common method of suicide in Bangladesh.
    • Demographic and material usage patterns provide insights into suicide trends.
    • Further research and targeted interventions are needed to address suicide by hanging.