Relation between Cardiometabolic Risk Factors and Renal Function among Elderly Population

Area of Science:

• Nephrology
• Geriatrics
• Cardiology

Background:

• Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) often presents asymptomatically in early stages, leading to diagnosis in advanced, therapy-requiring phases.
• Older adults frequently exhibit cardiometabolic risk factors preceding CKD diagnosis.
• Early identification of cardiometabolic risk factors can serve as a crucial screening tool for declining renal function.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the relationship between cardiometabolic risk factors and renal function in an elderly population.
• To identify key predictors of reduced estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in individuals aged 60 and above.

Main Methods:

• A cross-sectional study involving 145 elderly subjects (≥60 years) was conducted.
• Data collection included face-to-face interviews, physical examinations, and laboratory investigations.
• CKD diagnosis was based on the CKD-EPI equation, defining reduced renal function as eGFR <60 mL/min/1.73m² or albuminuria ≥30mg/g.

Main Results:

• Nearly 30% of the elderly subjects had an eGFR <60 mL/min/1.73m², indicating reduced kidney function.
• Female gender was identified as the strongest risk factor for CKD (adjusted OR: 2.57), followed by age (adjusted OR: 1.11).
• Significant differences in cardiometabolic factors (age, sex, waist circumference, BMI, serum creatinine, albumin-creatinine ratio) were observed between individuals with and without moderate to severe CKD.

Conclusions:

• Cardiometabolic risk factors are significantly associated with reduced renal function in the elderly.
• Female gender and advanced age are key predictors of CKD in this demographic.
• These findings underscore the importance of screening for cardiometabolic risk factors for early CKD detection in older adults.