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Elastic fiber contains the protein elastin along with lesser amounts of other proteins and glycoproteins. The main property of elastin is that it will return to its original shape after being stretched or compressed. Elastic fibers are prominent in elastic tissues found in skin and the elastic ligaments of the vertebral column.
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The papillary and reticular dermis are the two layers of the dermis. They are made of connective tissue with fibers of collagen extending from one to the other, making the border between the two somewhat indistinct. The dermal papillae extending into the epidermis belong to the papillary layer, whereas the dense collagen fiber bundles below belong to the reticular layer.
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The dermis might be considered the "core" of the integumentary system, as distinct from the epidermis and hypodermis. It contains blood and lymph vessels, nerves, and other structures, such as hair follicles and sweat glands. The dermis is made of two layers of connective tissue that comprise an interconnected mesh of elastin and collagenous fibers, produced by fibroblasts.
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Fibrous proteins are either long and narrow proteins or assemble to form long and thin structures. They contain repetitive units and usually consist of either alpha helices or beta sheets and, in rare cases, a mix of both. The amino acids in the primary structure often consist of repeating amino acid sequences. The role of fibrous proteins is primarily structural. Many are located in the extracellular matrix and are present in connective tissues to impart strength and joint mobility. They are...
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Three main types of fibers are secreted by fibroblasts: collagen fibers, elastic fibers, and reticular fibers. Collagen fiber is made from fibrous protein subunits linked together to form a long, straight fiber. Collagen fibers, while flexible, have great tensile strength, resist stretching, and give ligaments and tendons their characteristic resilience and strength. These fibers hold connective tissues together, even during the body's movement.
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Dill Extract Preserves Dermal Elastic Fiber Network and Functionality: Implication of Elafin.

Géraldine Aimond1, Stéphane Nicolle2, Romain Debret1

  • 1LBTI UMR5305, CNRS/Univ Lyon/Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France.

Skin Pharmacology and Physiology
|October 3, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Dill extract protects skin's elastic fibers from aging by preventing elastase digestion. This action preserves skin elasticity and mechanical properties by increasing elafin, an endogenous elastase inhibitor.

Keywords:
Absolute modulusDill extractElafinElastase digestion inhibitionElastic fiber preservation

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Biochemistry
  • Aging Research

Background:

  • Aging degrades skin elastic fibers due to enzymatic breakdown and other factors.
  • Dill extract shows promise in improving skin's mechanical properties and elastin expression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate dill extract's effects on aging elastin fibers using an elastase digestion model.
  • To elucidate the mechanism behind dill's action on elastin fibers.

Main Methods:

  • Studied dill extract's effect on elastase-injured elastic fibers in 2D fibroblast cultures and mouse skin.
  • Utilized elastin immunofluorescence, second harmonic generation microscopy, and oscillatory shear stress tests.
  • Performed enzymatic assays and real-time qPCR to understand the underlying mechanism.

Main Results:

  • Dill extract prevented in vitro and in vivo elastase digestion of elastin.
  • Confirmed preservation of the cutaneous elastic network and properties in mice.
  • Showed dill extract increases mRNA expression of elafin, an endogenous elastase inhibitor, without directly inhibiting elastase.

Conclusions:

  • Dill extract counteracts elastase-induced damage to cutaneous elastic fibers.
  • The mechanism involves modulating PI3 gene expression, leading to increased elafin.
  • Suggests dill extract as a potential agent for preserving skin elasticity during aging.