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Mucocutaneous candidiasis and thymoma.

C H Kirkpatrick, D B Windhorst

    The American Journal of Medicine
    |June 1, 1979
    PubMed
    Summary

    Adult-onset chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis is linked to thymic tumors, not endocrine failure. This distinct syndrome involves immune deficiencies and conditions like myasthenia gravis, suggesting thymoma screening for affected adults.

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    Area of Science:

    • Immunology
    • Oncology
    • Infectious Diseases

    Background:

    • Chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis (CMC) typically presents in infancy or childhood.
    • Adult-onset CMC is rare and presents differently than childhood-onset forms.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review the clinical, pathologic, and immunologic features of CMC patients with thymic tumors.
    • To characterize a unique syndrome associated with adult-onset CMC and thymoma.

    Main Methods:

    • Retrospective review of 27 patients with chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis and thymic tumors.
    • Clinical, pathological, and immunological assessments were performed.

    Main Results:

    • CMC in these patients began after the third decade and was not associated with endocrine organ failure.
    • Patients commonly exhibited thymoma-associated disorders: myasthenia gravis, hypogammaglobulinemia, and hematologic abnormalities.
    • Impaired cell-mediated immunity was observed in 16 of 21 patients; plasma immunosuppressive activities were noted in four.

    Conclusions:

    • Adult-onset CMC associated with thymic tumors represents a distinct clinical syndrome.
    • Patients with adult-onset CMC should be evaluated for thymoma.
    • The pathogenesis of the associated immunodeficiency remains unclear, with no evidence of suppressor cells found in studied patients.

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