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Sleep Variability, Sleep Irregularity, and Nighttime Blood Pressure Dipping
Yanyan Xu1,2, Vernon A Barnes1, Ryan A Harris1
1Georgia Prevention Institute (Y.X., V.A.B., R.A.H., M.A., C.W., K.N., J.L., R.C., S.S., X.W.), Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, GA.
Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979)
|October 6, 2023
Summary
Day-to-day sleep pattern deviations, like irregular sleep duration and timing, are linked to reduced nighttime blood pressure dipping. Ethnic differences in sleep irregularity may explain disparities in blood pressure dipping between Black and European American adults.
Area of Science:
- Chronobiology
- Cardiovascular Health
- Sleep Science
Background:
- Circadian rhythms are crucial for regulating human biological functions.
- Sleep-wake cycle regularity impacts physiological processes, including blood pressure regulation.
- Existing research suggests ethnic variations in cardiovascular health outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the effect of daily sleep-wake cycle variability on nighttime blood pressure (BP) dipping.
- To determine if ethnic differences in sleep pattern variability contribute to ethnic disparities in BP dipping.
Main Methods:
- Utilized 24-hour ambulatory BP monitoring and 7-day accelerometer data from 365 adults.
- Included a diverse cohort: 52.6% Black participants and 47.3% European Americans.
- Quantified sleep variability using standard deviation of sleep duration and sleep midpoint.
Main Results:
- Increased sleep irregularity (SD of sleep midpoint) was significantly associated with reduced nighttime BP dipping.
- Increased sleep variability (SD of sleep duration) also correlated with blunted nighttime BP dipping.
- Ethnic differences in sleep irregularity accounted for 29.2% of the observed ethnic differences in BP dipping.
Conclusions:
- Sleep variability and irregularity are independently associated with blunted blood pressure dipping.
- Sleep irregularity partially explains ethnic disparities in blood pressure dipping.
- Findings suggest potential interventions targeting sleep patterns to reduce health disparities.
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