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Confidence ratings increase response thresholds in decision making.

Baike Li1,2, Xiao Hu3, David R Shanks4

  • 1School of Psychology, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Soliciting confidence ratings (CRs) during decision-making improves accuracy and response times (RTs) by increasing response thresholds. This suggests individuals become more cautious when asked to report their confidence.

Keywords:
Confidence ratingDecision-makingDrift diffusion modelReactivity effectResponse threshold

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Decision Science
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Many cognitive processes are reactive, changing due to introspection and monitoring.
  • Trial-by-trial confidence ratings (CRs) are known to improve decision accuracy and lengthen response times (RTs).
  • The underlying cognitive mechanisms of CR reactivity in decision-making remain unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the cognitive mechanisms behind how confidence ratings (CRs) reactively influence decision-making.
  • To explore the impact of CRs on decision accuracy, response times (RTs), and underlying decision processes.

Main Methods:

  • Conducted two experiments to examine the effects of confidence ratings.
  • Utilized the drift-diffusion model (DDM) to analyze decision-making dynamics.
  • Measured decision accuracy, response times (RTs), and response thresholds.

Main Results:

  • Confidence ratings (CRs) led to enhanced decision accuracy.
  • Soliciting CRs resulted in significantly longer response times (RTs).
  • The drift-diffusion model analysis revealed higher response thresholds when CRs were provided.

Conclusions:

  • The findings support the increased conservatism hypothesis.
  • Soliciting confidence ratings appears to induce feelings of uncertainty, leading to more cautious decision-making.
  • Confidence reporting reactively alters decision parameters, promoting greater accuracy through increased caution.