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Cancer Prevention02:59

Cancer Prevention

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Several factors can increase the risk of cancer in an individual. About 50% of cancer cases can be prevented by adopting a healthy lifestyle, regular exercise, eating healthy, and following a modest cancer prevention diet. Epidemiological studies have consistently shown that populations with vegetable and fruit-rich diets have reduced the incidence of cancer. On the other hand, populations who have a diet rich in animal fat, red meat, junk food, or high calories are predisposed to cancer.
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Lifestyle Factors and Health01:20

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Lifestyle factors play a critical role in maintaining overall health and preventing chronic diseases. Key elements, such as regular physical activity, a nutritious diet, and abstinence from smoking, can significantly enhance physical, mental, and emotional well-being while reducing the risk of several life-threatening conditions.
Benefits of Physical Activity
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Health promotion allows a person to control the determinants of health, resulting in an improved health status. It enhances the quality of life and reduces premature deaths. Health promotion and illness prevention programs help people make beneficial choices to reduce the risk of disease and disabilities. There are three health promotion and illness prevention levels: primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention.
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Models of Health Promotion and Illness Prevention II01:18

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The person's health status fluctuates continually, varying from being in good health to becoming ill and returning to being healthy. To understand the concept of illness prevention, there are two models. First, the health-illness continuum model is a graphic representation of an individual's wellness. It states that a person is considered healthy in the absence of physical disease and the presence of good emotional health.
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Cancer Therapies02:49

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Cancer therapies are various modes of treatment, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy that are administered to cancer patients.
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Exercise and Cardiac Output01:17

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Regular physical activity is essential for maintaining cardiovascular health, with aerobic exercises being particularly effective. According to the American Heart Association, 150 minutes of moderate to intense aerobic exercise per week is recommended for a healthy heart. Aerobic activities may include brisk walking, running, bicycling, cross-country skiing, and swimming, ideally performed three to five times per week.
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Supporting Physical Activity in Adults Living With and Beyond Cancer (2018-2022).

Katie M Polo1, Anne Fleischer2, Claudine Campbell3

  • 1Katie M. Polo, DHS, OTR, CLT-LANA, is Associate Professor, School of Occupational Therapy, University of Indianapolis.

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Summary

Physical activity interventions show promise for adults with cancer. This review summarizes evidence on effective strategies to improve health and well-being during and after cancer treatment.

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Area of Science:

  • Occupational therapy
  • Evidence-based practice
  • Cancer rehabilitation

Background:

  • Systematic reviews are crucial for synthesizing research findings.
  • The American Occupational Therapy Association's Evidence-Based Practice Program evaluates systematic reviews.
  • This brief focuses on physical activity interventions for cancer survivors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize the evidence on the effectiveness of physical activity interventions.
  • To inform occupational therapy practice for adults with and beyond cancer.
  • To provide accessible summaries of complex systematic reviews.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of existing literature.
  • Evaluation of interventions targeting physical activity.
  • Focus on adult populations undergoing cancer treatment or in survivorship.

Main Results:

  • Evidence synthesis on the impact of physical activity interventions.
  • Identification of effective strategies for cancer patients and survivors.
  • Summary of findings relevant to occupational therapy.

Conclusions:

  • Physical activity interventions are important for cancer care.
  • Occupational therapists can utilize this evidence to guide patient care.
  • Further research may refine optimal intervention strategies.