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Alloantigen Infusion Activates the Transcriptome of Type 2 Conventional Dendritic Cells
Samantha L Schroth1,2, Rebecca T L Jones1,2, Edward B Thorp1,2,3
1Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL.
Innate immune cells, specifically dendritic cell (DC) subsets, respond differently to live versus apoptotic alloantigen infusions. Type 2 conventional DCs (cDC2s) with CCR2 expression uniquely recognize alloantigen, suggesting a role in allorecognition.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Cellular and Molecular Immunology
- Transplantation Immunology
Background:
- Innate monocytic cells recognize alloantigen, impacting allograft rejection and tolerance.
- The single-cell heterogeneity of innate alloresponses, particularly dendritic cell (DC) subset contributions, remains unclear.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the alloantigen response of distinct dendritic cell (DC) subsets.
- To differentiate the immune effects of live versus apoptotic allogeneic cell infusions.
Main Methods:
- C57BL/6J mice received live or apoptotic allogeneic (BALB/cJ) or isogenic splenic cells.
- Recipient spleens were harvested 48 hours post-injection and DCs were enriched.
- Single-cell mRNA sequencing was performed on enriched DC populations.
Main Results:
- Live cell infusion induced greater transcriptional changes in DCs than apoptotic cells.
- Type 2 conventional DCs (cDC2s) were the most transcriptionally responsive DC subset to alloantigen.
- A CCR2+ cDC2 subcluster uniquely responded to alloantigen, and paired Ig-like receptors increased in cDC2s post-alloexposure.
Conclusions:
- Live and apoptotic allogeneic cell infusions have distinct immunological consequences.
- CCR2+ cDC2s play a significant role in innate allorecognition.
- These findings enable future studies on immune cell transcriptional responses to alloantigen exposure.
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