Medial side knee injuries: simplifying the controversies: current concepts

Area of Science:

• Orthopedic Surgery
• Sports Medicine
• Knee Biomechanics

Background:

• Medial side of the knee (MSK) injuries are prevalent knee ligament lesions.
• Historical conservative treatment contrasts with evolving understanding of MSK anatomy and biomechanics.
• Diverse and controversial opinions exist regarding optimal management strategies for MSK injuries.

Purpose of the Study:

• To clarify controversies surrounding medial side of the knee (MSK) injuries.
• To provide an evidence-based algorithm for the management of MSK injuries.
• To emphasize critical thinking in diagnosing MSK injuries to identify those at risk of healing failure.

Main Methods:

• Comprehensive literature review of existing evidence on MSK injuries.
• Analysis of anatomical and biomechanical factors influencing MSK injury outcomes.
• Synthesis of clinical data to address management controversies.

Main Results:

• Identified significant variability in nomenclature and surgical techniques for MSK injuries.
• Highlighted the need for precise diagnosis to predict healing failure risk.
• Established an evidence-based framework for managing MSK injuries.

Conclusions:

• Management of medial side of the knee (MSK) injuries requires careful consideration of anatomical structures and biomechanics.
• An evidence-based approach and clear diagnostic criteria are crucial for successful MSK injury treatment.
• The proposed algorithm aims to standardize and improve the management of these common knee injuries.