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Prognostic Model and Tumor Immune Microenvironment Analysis of Complement-Related Genes in Gastric Cancer
Xianhua Gu1, Honghong Shen2, Guangzheng Zhu3
1Department of Gynecology Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, People's Republic of China.
Journal of Inflammation Research
|October 24, 2023
Summary
This study developed a prognostic model using complement genes to predict gastric cancer outcomes. The model identifies high-risk patients and links complement gene expression to immune checkpoints, aiding in immunotherapeutic strategies.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Oncology
- Genomics
Background:
- The complement system is crucial for immune responses but its role in gastric cancer's tumor microenvironment (TME) is unclear.
- Understanding complement's influence on the TME is vital for improving gastric cancer treatment.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the role of complement genes in gastric cancer (GC).
- To develop a prognostic model for GC based on complement gene expression.
- To explore the relationship between the prognostic model, immune checkpoints, and TME characteristics.
Main Methods:
- Analyzed complement gene expression, somatic mutations, and copy number variations in GC using TCGA data.
- Developed a prognostic model using Lasso and Cox regression in TCGA and GEO cohorts.
- Assessed model reliability with nomograms and investigated links to immune checkpoints and cells.
Main Results:
- A prognostic model based on complement genes effectively predicted GC patient outcomes, with high-risk scores correlating to poorer survival.
- The risk score positively associated with immune checkpoint expression (CTLA4, LAG3, PDCD1, CD274).
- Upregulated C5aR1 expression in GC tissues correlated with significantly lower 10-year overall survival.
Conclusions:
- Complement genes are significantly associated with the diversity and complexity of the GC tumor microenvironment.
- The developed complement-based prognostic model enhances understanding of TME infiltration and can inform more effective immunotherapeutic strategies for gastric cancer.
