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Related Concept Videos

Direct Motor Pathways01:11

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The indirect motor or extrapyramidal pathways originate in the brainstem, the lower portion of the brain that connects it to the spinal cord. They consist of several distinct tracts, each with specialized functions. The four main tracts of the indirect motor pathways are the vestibulospinal tract, the reticulospinal tract, the tectospinal tract, and the rubrospinal tract.
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Determining and Controlling External Power Output During Regular Handrim Wheelchair Propulsion
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Motor Transfer and Proactive Interference in Cycling With a Noncircular Chainring.

Thomas Haab1, Peter Leinen1, Stefan Panzer1

  • 1Sports Science Institute, Saarland University, Saarbrucken, Germany.

Motor Control
|October 24, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Athletes can adapt to new cycling chainring designs, showing improved coordination and neuromuscular control when switching from circular to non-circular (NC) chainrings. Performance transfer occurred without significant negative effects on torque effectiveness or muscle cocontraction.

Keywords:
bicyclebiomechanicselectromyographyinternal modeltorque effectiveness

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Area of Science:

  • Sports Science
  • Biomechanics
  • Neurophysiology

Background:

  • Athletes face performance adaptation challenges with evolving sports technology.
  • Skill transfer between different equipment designs requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of mechanical changes in cycling chainring design on athletic performance.
  • To analyze biomechanical and neurophysiological responses during equipment transfer.

Main Methods:

  • 36 participants pedaled a cycling ergometer with circular and non-circular (NC) chainrings.
  • Measured cadence variability, torque effectiveness, and electromyographic cocontraction.
  • Data collected across acquisition, transfer, and retention phases.

Main Results:

  • Positive transfer observed for cadence variability from circular to NC chainring.
  • No significant changes in torque effectiveness or cocontraction between chainring types.
  • Slightly higher cocontraction with NC chainring during retention, but minimal absolute difference.

Conclusions:

  • Circular to NC chainring transfer demonstrates enhanced neuromuscular control and coordination.
  • Performance transfer is task- and equipment-dependent.
  • Athletes can adapt to mechanical variations in sports equipment without detrimental effects.