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PREB inhibits the replication of prototype foamy virus by affecting its transcription

Junshi Zhang1,2, Yali Xu1, Chenchen Wang1

  • 1Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China.

Virology Journal
|October 27, 2023
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

The protein PREB inhibits foamy virus (FV) replication by interfering with viral transcription. This discovery reveals a broad-spectrum antiviral mechanism against FV, including bovine foamy virus.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Gene Therapy

Background:

  • Foamy viruses (FVs) are nonpathogenic retroviruses known for long-term latency in hosts.
  • Their latent nature suggests potential as safe and effective gene transfer vectors.
  • Understanding FV-host interactions is crucial for vector development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate FV-host cell interactions.
  • To elucidate molecular mechanisms behind FV latent infections.
  • To identify host factors regulating FV replication.

Main Methods:

  • Infection of HT1080 cells and a PFV indicator cell line (PFVL) with prototype foamy virus (PFV).
  • Measurement of virus titers using luciferase activity.
  • Transcriptomic sequencing to identify host gene expression changes.

Main Results:

  • PREB mRNA expression was significantly upregulated post-infection.
  • PREB overexpression reduced PFV replication; PREB knockdown increased it.
  • PREB directly inhibited the transcriptional transactivation function of the viral Tas protein.
  • PREB demonstrated a broad-spectrum inhibitory effect on both PFV and bovine FV replication.

Conclusions:

  • PREB inhibits PFV replication by impeding viral transcription.
  • PREB acts as a broad-spectrum inhibitor of foamy virus replication.
  • This mechanism offers insights into host control of FV infection.
Keywords:
PREBPrototype foamy virusTasTranscription

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