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A Perspective on Hormonal Contraception Usage in Central Nervous System Injury
Hari Pradhyumnan1, Gina G Perez1, Shahil H Patel1
1Peritz Scheinberg Cerebral Vascular Disease Research Laboratory (CVDRL), Department of Neurology, Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA.
Journal of Neurotrauma
|November 17, 2023
Summary
Oral contraceptives (OC) may affect women with central nervous system (CNS) injuries like spinal cord injury and traumatic brain injury. Further research is needed to understand these complex interactions and their health consequences.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Endocrinology
- Reproductive Health
Background:
- Women of childbearing age experience hormonal fluctuations during natural life stages.
- Oral contraceptives (OC), containing estrogen and progesterone, are widely used by women of reproductive age.
- Central nervous system (CNS) injuries, such as spinal cord injury (SCI) and traumatic brain injury (TBI), can occur during these reproductive years.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the impact of CNS injury on endogenous ovarian hormones and vice versa.
- To discuss the effects of exogenous ovarian hormones from oral contraceptives (OC) on the CNS.
- To identify knowledge gaps regarding the combined effects of endogenous and exogenous hormones on CNS injury outcomes.
Main Methods:
- Literature review and synthesis of existing research.
- Discussion of potential mechanisms and consequences.
- Identification of areas for future research in laboratory, epidemiological, and clinical studies.
Main Results:
- Long-term OC use is associated with risks like blood clotting issues and endothelial dysfunction.
- Potential neuropsychiatric effects of OC use include mood swings and cognitive impairment.
- Limited understanding exists on how endogenous and OC-influenced exogenous hormones affect CNS injury outcomes.
Conclusions:
- Further investigation is crucial to understand the interplay between ovarian hormones, OC use, and CNS injury.
- Awareness of potential compounded consequences is needed for clinical and epidemiological studies.
- Future research should focus on elucidating mechanisms and improving patient care for women with CNS injuries using OC.
Keywords:
hormone replacement therapymenopausesecondary injuryspinal cord injurytraumatic brain injuryvenous thromboembolismMore Related Videos
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