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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 13, 2026

Measuring Attention and Visual Processing Speed by Model-based Analysis of Temporal-order Judgments
13:00

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Variability in the temporal dynamics of object-based attentional selection.

Hao Lou1, Monicque M Lorist1,2, Karin S Pilz1,3

  • 1Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.

Plos One
|November 17, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Object-based attention, unlike space-based attention, shows significant individual variability. This study suggests temporal dynamics in attentional selection may explain the lower prevalence of object-based attention effects.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Visual Attention Research
  • Human Perception Studies

Background:

  • Attention can be directed to spatial locations or specific objects.
  • Object-based attention effects are generally less pronounced and more variable than space-based effects.
  • The underlying reasons for the low prevalence and high variability of object-based attention remain unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if variability in the temporal dynamics of attentional selection underlies the low prevalence of object-based attention.
  • To examine the relationship between cue-to-target intervals and the manifestation of space- and object-based attentional effects.
  • To explore rhythmic sampling patterns in visual attention using frequency domain analysis.

Main Methods:

  • A two-rectangle discrimination task was employed with manipulated cue-to-target intervals (50–600 ms).
  • Space- and object-based attentional effects were quantified at both group and individual levels.
  • Bootstrapping identified maximal attentional effects, while Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) analyzed rhythmic sampling.

Main Results:

  • Space-based attention effects were robust and stable across most participants and intervals.
  • Object-based attention effects were small and observed only in a subset of participants.
  • Significant periodicities in the frequency domain were rare, indicating limited rhythmic attentional sampling in most individuals.

Conclusions:

  • Variability in the temporal dynamics of attentional selection likely contributes to the low prevalence of object-based attention.
  • Further research is needed to fully understand the temporal characteristics and individual differences in object-based attention.
  • The findings highlight the complex interplay between time, space, and object representations in visual attention.