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How to Tell a Dualist?

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  • 1Department of Psychology, Northeastern University.

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This summary is machine-generated.

Conflicting mind-body intuitions arise because Dualism, a flexible belief, interacts with Essentialism. This suggests supernatural beliefs are a blend of ethereal and innate concepts, not purely spiritual.

Keywords:
DualismEssentialismExperimental philosophyIntuitive psychology

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Philosophy of Mind
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Intuitions about the mind-body connection are often contradictory.
  • Existing explanations for these inconsistencies are insufficient.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the interaction between Dualism and Essentialism in shaping mind-body intuitions.
  • To explore how these concepts influence beliefs about trait emergence and innateness.

Main Methods:

  • Two experiments were conducted.
  • Experiment 1: Assessed trait emergence in a body replica versus the afterlife.
  • Experiment 2: Judged trait innateness, correlating with embodiment intuitions.

Main Results:

  • Epistemic traits were favored in the afterlife (Dualism), but innate traits were also favored there (Essentialism).
  • Embodied traits were deemed more innate, indicating embodiment influences innateness judgments.
  • Innateness and embodiment judgments correlated.

Conclusions:

  • Dualism acts as a flexible constraint on reasoning about innate origins and post-death persistence.
  • The interaction between Dualism and Essentialism creates "chimeric" supernatural intuitions.
  • Mind-body beliefs are shaped by both ethereal and embodied concepts.