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Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Rate-Programmed II01:19

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Rate-programmed drug delivery systems release drugs in a controlled manner to maintain therapeutic levels. Three main designs include reservoir, matrix, and hybrid systems.Reservoir systems consist of a drug core enclosed within a membrane that controls drug release. In non-swelling reservoir systems, polymers like ethyl cellulose or polymethacrylates are used. These do not hydrate in aqueous media and control release through membrane thickness, porosity, or insolubility. This type includes...
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Modified-release drug delivery systems improve drug efficacy and minimize side effects by controlling the rate and location of drug release. These systems fall into three categories: rate-programmed, stimuli-activated, and site-targeted.Rate-programmed systems release drugs at a predetermined rate, maintaining consistent therapeutic levels and reducing fluctuations that could lead to toxicity or subtherapeutic effects. These systems use polymeric matrices, reservoir-based designs, or osmotic...
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Polymeric carriers enhance targeted drug delivery by increasing efficacy while minimizing off-target effects. These carriers comprise a biodegradable polymeric backbone integrated with functional elements that enable targeting, improve physicochemical properties, and regulate drug release.Targeting MechanismsThe targeting ability of polymeric carriers is mediated by a homing device, which is a molecular recognition component designed to selectively bind to specific tissues or cells. Monoclonal...
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Delayed-release drug delivery systems are specialized pharmaceutical formulations designed to postpone the release of active compounds until the drug reaches a specific region of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, typically the intestine. These systems are essential for drugs that may cause gastric irritation, are unstable in acidic environments, or need to exert therapeutic effects locally in the intestinal or colonic regions.The core feature of delayed-release systems is the use of enteric...

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Thermosensitive Polyurethane-Based Hydrogels as Potential Vehicles for Meloxicam Delivery.

Ioana-Alexandra Plugariu1, Luiza Madalina Gradinaru1, Mihaela Avadanei1

  • 1"Petru Poni" Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41-A Grigore Ghica Voda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania.

Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland)
|November 25, 2023
PubMed
Summary

New polyurethane hydrogels effectively deliver meloxicam (MX), a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID). These advanced drug carriers show promising controlled release for pain and inflammation management.

Keywords:
hydrogelsmeloxicam deliverymolecular dockingpolyurethaneviscoelasticity

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Pharmaceutical Sciences

Background:

  • Meloxicam (MX) is a widely used nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) for pain, inflammation, and fever.
  • Current drug delivery systems for NSAIDs face challenges in controlled and sustained release.
  • Polyurethane (PU)-based hydrogels offer potential as novel drug delivery platforms due to their tunable properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and characterize thermosensitive polyurethane (PU)-based hydrogels loaded with meloxicam (MX).
  • To investigate the rheological and viscoelastic properties of the prepared hydrogel formulations.
  • To evaluate the in vitro drug release kinetics and mechanisms of meloxicam from the PU hydrogels.

Main Methods:

  • Preparation of thermosensitive PU hydrogels incorporating various excipients (PEG, PVP, HPC, essential oil).
  • Characterization of hydrogel properties including micelle size, zeta potential, and rheology.
  • In vitro drug release studies of meloxicam from hydrogels at pH 6 and 37 °C over 24-48 hours and up to 2 weeks.
  • Analysis of drug release mechanisms using transport phenomena models.

Main Results:

  • PU hydrogels exhibited micelle sizes around 35.8 nm at 37 °C, slightly increasing with MX loading.
  • Zeta potential values ranged from -10 mV to -11.5 mV, indicating formulation stability.
  • Significant meloxicam release (60-80%) was observed within 24-48 hours, exceeding 90% within 2 weeks.
  • Anomalous transport phenomena were identified as the dominant mechanism for MX release from the PU networks.

Conclusions:

  • Thermosensitive PU-based hydrogels demonstrate effective loading and controlled release of meloxicam.
  • The developed hydrogels show potential as alternative carriers for NSAIDs, improving drug delivery.
  • Further research is warranted to explore these hydrogels for advanced pharmaceutical applications.