Nail lichen planus treatment safety.

Area of Science:

• Dermatology
• Immunology
• Pharmacology

Background:

• Nail lichen planus (NLP) presents a therapeutic challenge.
• Various treatment modalities exist, each with distinct efficacy and safety profiles.

Purpose of the Study:

• To comprehensively review current and emerging treatments for NLP.
• To detail the adverse event profiles of different therapeutic classes.
• To discuss treatment considerations for special populations.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of topical, intralesional, and systemic therapies for NLP.
• Analysis of reported common and uncommon adverse events.
• Evaluation of treatment utilization in pregnant and pediatric patients.

Main Results:

• Topical therapies (clobetasol propionate, tacrolimus, bath-PUVA) offer localized treatment.
• Intralesional triamcinolone provides targeted anti-inflammatory effects.
• Systemic agents (corticosteroids, retinoids, JAK/STAT inhibitors, etanercept, oral calcineurin inhibitors, mycophenolate mofetil, chloroquine) address more severe or widespread disease.

Conclusions:

• Treatment selection for NLP requires balancing efficacy with safety profiles.
• Adverse event monitoring is crucial across all treatment modalities.
• Special populations, including pregnant and pediatric patients, necessitate tailored therapeutic approaches.