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Researchers created Janus liquids with distinct nanoparticle arrangements for advanced materials. These novel liquids enable the fabrication of robust, responsive aerogels for sensing and electromagnetic interference shielding.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology
  • Fluid Dynamics

Background:

  • Janus structures, with differing properties on opposite faces, are well-established in solid materials.
  • Realizing Janus structures in flowing liquids has remained a significant challenge.
  • Controlling nanoparticle (NP) distribution within liquid structures is crucial for advanced material design.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate the creation of Janus liquids with spatially confined nanoparticles.
  • To utilize these Janus liquids as templates for fabricating versatile, responsive aerogels.
  • To evaluate the performance of the resulting aerogels in applications like sensing and electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding.

Main Methods:

  • Developed an anisotropic integration platform by joining two aqueous streams of NP dispersions in an apolar liquid.
  • Employed magnetic graphene oxide (mGO)/GO, Ti3C2Tx/GO, or GO suspensions to achieve spatial confinement of different NPs.
  • Fabricated aerogels using the Janus liquids as templates, enabling tunable porosity and functional networks.

Main Results:

  • Successfully created Janus liquids with customizable NP distributions, confining magnetic, conductive, or non-responsive NPs to specific sides.
  • Fabricated mechanically robust and responsive aerogels with micro- to macro-scale porosity.
  • Achieved superior electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding performance (SET≈51 dB, SER≈0.4 dB, A=0.91) due to integrated magnetic and conductive networks.

Conclusions:

  • Janus liquids represent a novel platform for creating advanced functional materials.
  • The developed aerogels demonstrate significant potential for piezoresistive sensing, human motion monitoring, and high-performance EMI shielding.
  • The Janus architecture facilitates non-interfering magnetic and conductive networks, enhancing material properties.