Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Autism Spectrum Disorder01:19

Autism Spectrum Disorder

100
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction alongside restrictive and repetitive behaviors or interests. ASD is sometimes accompanied by intellectual impairment.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
100
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder01:30

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

68
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It affects approximately 5-8% of children globally, with around 60-70% of cases persisting into adulthood. ADHD has significant implications for educational attainment, social interactions, and occupational success.
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings....
68
Intellectual Disability01:29

Intellectual Disability

56
Intellectual disability (ID) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by deficits in intellectual and adaptive functioning that manifest during the developmental period. This condition encompasses challenges in reasoning, memory, problem-solving, and learning, accompanied by impairments in everyday life skills, such as communication, self-care, and social interactions. Intellectual disability affects approximately 1% of the population in the United States, impacting an estimated 5...
56
Modeling in Therapy01:26

Modeling in Therapy

89
Modeling, a key technique in therapy, uses observational learning to help clients acquire and practice new skills by watching therapists demonstrate desired behaviors. This approach, rooted in Albert Bandura's concept of vicarious learning, plays a significant role in therapeutic interventions for various psychological conditions, including social anxiety, ADHD, and depression.
Participant Modeling
Participant modeling involves therapists demonstrating calm and effective behaviors in...
89
Human Genetics01:28

Human Genetics

586
Human genetics provides a profound framework for understanding the interplay between genetic predispositions and human psychology. At the heart of this discipline lies the study of how genes influence physical traits, behaviors, and susceptibility to diseases. Each person carries a unique genetic code that subtly or significantly shapes their psychological and behavioral landscape.
The complex relationship between genetics and psychology is observable through common biological components such...
586

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Autonomic Function in Fragile X Syndrome: A Systematic Review.

Journal of intellectual disability research : JIDR·2026
Same author

"There's Only So Much the School Can Change About Itself … Before You Need to Change Something About Yourself"-a Qualitative Analysis of the Experiences of Neurodivergent Student Teachers.

Autism in adulthood : challenges and management·2025
Same author

Preliminary perspectives on gene therapy in fragile X syndrome: a caregiver view.

Journal of neurodevelopmental disorders·2025
Same author

Behavioural difficulties in fragile X syndrome: current pharmacological options and potential future developments.

Expert review of neurotherapeutics·2025
Same author

Key roles of C2/GAP domains in SYNGAP1-related pathophysiology.

Cell reports·2024
Same author

Visual social attention in SYNGAP1-related intellectual disability.

Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism Research·2024

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 9, 2025

Comparing Eye-tracking Data of Children with High-functioning ASD, Comorbid ADHD, and of a Control Watching Social Videos
05:32

Comparing Eye-tracking Data of Children with High-functioning ASD, Comorbid ADHD, and of a Control Watching Social Videos

Published on: December 7, 2018

9.0K

Profiling Autism and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Traits in Children with SYNGAP1-Related Intellectual

Damien Wright1, Aisling Kenny2, Lindsay A M Mizen2

  • 1Patrick Wild Centre, Division of Psychiatry, Kennedy Tower, Royal Edinburgh Hospital, University of Edinburgh, EH10 5HF, Edinburgh, UK. damien.wright@ed.ac.uk.

Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders
|December 6, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Children with SYNGAP1-related intellectual disability (ID) show significant autistic and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) traits. These findings help characterize the behavioral phenotype for better diagnosis and intervention.

Keywords:
ADHDAutismIntellectual disabilitiesSYNGAP1-related intellectual disability

More Related Videos

Probing the Brain in Autism Using fMRI and Diffusion Tensor Imaging
12:21

Probing the Brain in Autism Using fMRI and Diffusion Tensor Imaging

Published on: September 12, 2011

25.3K
An Electrophysiology Protocol to Measure Reward Anticipation and Processing in Children
05:04

An Electrophysiology Protocol to Measure Reward Anticipation and Processing in Children

Published on: October 4, 2018

7.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 9, 2025

Comparing Eye-tracking Data of Children with High-functioning ASD, Comorbid ADHD, and of a Control Watching Social Videos
05:32

Comparing Eye-tracking Data of Children with High-functioning ASD, Comorbid ADHD, and of a Control Watching Social Videos

Published on: December 7, 2018

9.0K
Probing the Brain in Autism Using fMRI and Diffusion Tensor Imaging
12:21

Probing the Brain in Autism Using fMRI and Diffusion Tensor Imaging

Published on: September 12, 2011

25.3K
An Electrophysiology Protocol to Measure Reward Anticipation and Processing in Children
05:04

An Electrophysiology Protocol to Measure Reward Anticipation and Processing in Children

Published on: October 4, 2018

7.0K

Area of Science:

  • Genetics
  • Neurodevelopmental Disorders
  • Behavioral Phenotyping

Background:

  • SYNGAP1-related intellectual disability (ID) is a genetic disorder causing global developmental delay and epilepsy.
  • Individuals often exhibit attention and social communication differences, frequently co-occurring with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) or Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) symptoms in children with SYNGAP1-related ID.
  • To further characterize the behavioral phenotype associated with SYNGAP1-related ID.

Main Methods:

  • Parents/caregivers of children with SYNGAP1-related ID (N=34) and typically developing controls (N=21) completed the Social Responsiveness Scale-2 (SRS) and Social Communication Questionnaire (SCQ).
  • A subset also completed the Conners-3 to assess ADHD symptoms.
  • Hierarchical clustering analysis was used to identify subgroups based on ASD and ADHD traits.

Main Results:

  • Children with SYNGAP1-related ID exhibited higher autistic traits on SRS and SCQ compared to controls.
  • On the SRS, restricted repetitive behaviors were most pronounced, while social awareness was least impaired.
  • On the Conners-3, significant ADHD traits were observed, including peer relation difficulties, but low prevalence of conduct and oppositional defiant disorders.

Conclusions:

  • SYNGAP1-related ID is associated with a distinct behavioral phenotype including significant ASD and ADHD traits.
  • Distinct subgroups within SYNGAP1-related ID exist for ASD and ADHD traits.
  • Findings support improved diagnosis, assessment, and intervention strategies for SYNGAP1-related ID.