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Stem cells derived from human exfoliated deciduous teeth-based media in a rat root resorption model
Ayaka Odo1, Ryo Kunimatsu1, Takaharu Abe2
1Department of Orthodontics and Craniofacial Development Biology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Japan.
Archives of Oral Biology
|December 6, 2023
Summary
Stem cells from deciduous teeth reduced root resorption during orthodontic tooth movement. These stem cells may inhibit resorption by regulating key inflammatory and bone remodeling factors.
Area of Science:
- Biomedical Engineering
- Regenerative Medicine
- Orthodontics
Background:
- Root resorption is a common complication of orthodontic treatment.
- Understanding the biological mechanisms underlying root resorption is crucial for developing preventive strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the effect of culture supernatant from stem cells derived from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) on orthodontic root resorption.
- To analyze the impact of SHED supernatant on the expression of key signaling molecules involved in bone remodeling and inflammation.
Main Methods:
- An animal model using Sprague-Dawley rats was employed, inducing root resorption via excessive orthodontic force on maxillary first molars.
- SHED culture supernatant or control medium was administered on days 1 and 7 post-traction.
- Tooth movement, and the expression of osteoprotegerin (OPG), receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL), TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-17 were assessed after 14 days.
Main Results:
- No significant difference in the extent of tooth movement was observed between the SHED supernatant and control groups.
- A notable decrease in root resorption was observed in the group treated with SHED supernatant.
- Immunohistochemical analysis showed increased OPG expression and decreased expression of RANKL, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-17 in the SHED-treated group.
Conclusions:
- Administration of SHED culture supernatant modulated the expression of OPG, RANKL, and pro-inflammatory cytokines.
- These findings suggest that SHED possess the potential to inhibit root resorption during orthodontic treatment by regulating these key molecular pathways.
