Linear Ion Trap Mass Spectrometer (LITMS) Instrument Field and Laboratory Tests as Part of the ARADS Field Campaigns

The highly compact Linear Ion Trap Mass Spectrometer (LITMS), developed at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, combines Mars-ambient laser desorption-mass spectrometry (LD-MS) and pyrolysis-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) through a single, miniaturized linear ion trap mass analyzer. The LITMS instrument is based on the Mars Organic Molecule Analyser (MOMA) investigation developed for the European Space Agency's ExoMars Rover Mission with further enhanced analytical features such as dual polarity ion detection and a dual frequency RF (radio frequency) power supply allowing for an increased mass range. The LITMS brassboard prototype underwent an extensive repackaging effort to produce a highly compact system for terrestrial field testing, allowing for molecular sample analysis in rugged planetary analog environments outside the laboratory. The LITMS instrument was successfully field tested in the Mars analog environment of the Atacama Desert in 2019 as part of the Atacama Rover Astrobiology Drilling Studies (ARADS) project, providing the first in situ planetary analog analysis for a high-fidelity, flight-like ion trap mass spectrometer. LITMS continued to serve as a laboratory tool for continued analysis of natural Atacama samples provided by the subsequent 2019 ARADS final field campaign.