The Role of Exosomes in Upper-Extremity Tissue Regeneration
Daan J Rademakers1, Sara Saffari1, Alexander Y Shin2
1Division of Hand and Microvascular Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Department of Plastic Surgery, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Abstract:
Exosomes are cell-free membrane vesicles secreted by a wide variety of cells as secretomes into the extracellular matrix. Alongside facilitating intercellular communication, exosomes carry various bioactive molecules consisting of nucleic acids, proteins, and lipids. Exosome applications have increased in popularity by overcoming the disadvantages of mesenchymal stem cell therapies. Despite this, a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms of action of exosomes is necessary prior to clinical application in upper-extremity tissue regeneration. The purpose of this review is to introduce the concept of exosomes and their possible applications in upper-extremity tissue regeneration, detail the shortcomings of current exosome research, and explore their potential clinical application in the upper extremity.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
Overview of Exosomes
Stahl et al. discovered exosomes in 1983, but the exosomes were initially considered waste products released from the...
Clinical Applications of Epidermal Stem Cells
Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Stem Cell Therapy for Tissue Regeneration
Types of Stem Cells used in Stem Cell Therapy
The two main cell...


