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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 21, 2026

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Multiplexed Surface Electrode Arrays Based on Metal Oxide Thin-Film Electronics for High-Resolution Cortical Mapping.

Horacio Londoño-Ramírez1,2,3,4, Xiaohua Huang3,5, Jordi Cools2,3,4

  • 1Department of Neuroscience, Leuven Brain Institute, Katholieke Universiteit (KU) Leuven, Leuven, 3001, Belgium.

Advanced Science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)
|December 25, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed an active micro-electrocorticography (µECoG) implant using thin-film transistors. This innovation enables high-density brain recordings with fewer wires, advancing neuroscience research and brain-machine interfaces.

Keywords:
a-IGZOelectrocorticographyelectrode arraysflexible electronicsthin-film transistorstime-division multiplexingµECoGs

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Electrocorticography (ECoG) is crucial for brain activity recording in research and clinical settings.
  • Existing passive ECoG systems face limitations in spatial resolution, cortical coverage, and system compactness due to individual electrode wiring.
  • The electrode count and density are bottlenecked by the need for dedicated wiring for each electrode.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present an active micro-electrocorticography (µECoG) implant overcoming the wiring limitations of traditional ECoG arrays.
  • To demonstrate a novel neural interface with high electrode density and wide cortical coverage.
  • To enable simultaneous recording from a large number of electrodes with reduced noise.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a flexible electrode array incorporating metal oxide thin-film transistors (TFTs).
  • Integration of the array with an incremental-ΔΣ readout integrated circuit (ROIC).
  • Implementation of a 16:1 time-division multiplexing scheme for addressing multiple electrodes via shared lines.
  • In vivo validation in mice, recording spontaneous activity and somatosensory evoked potentials.

Main Results:

  • The active µECoG implant successfully recorded neural activity from up to 256 electrodes.
  • The system demonstrated lower noise levels compared to existing active µECoG arrays.
  • Effective recording over a cortical surface area of approximately 8x8 mm² was achieved in mice.
  • The technology overcomes the wiring bottleneck inherent in conventional ECoG systems.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed active µECoG neural interface offers a significant advancement over traditional ECoG technology.
  • This technology holds promise for enhanced cerebral cortex mapping.
  • It serves as an enabling technology for the development of sophisticated future brain-machine interfaces.