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Gender differences in unplanned hospital admission: A population-based approach
Ainitze Labaka1, Udane Elordi-Guenaga1, Josune Zubeldia-Etxeberria1
1Department of Nursing II, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), San Sebastián, Gipuzkoa, Spain.
Nursing & Health Sciences
|December 27, 2023
Summary
This study reveals sex-based differences in hospitalization patterns, highlighting potential gender inequities in healthcare access and disease management. Understanding these disparities is crucial for improving health system responsiveness.
Area of Science:
- Health Services Research
- Medical Sociology
- Public Health
Background:
- Gender disparities impact health status and access to healthcare services.
- Hospitalization patterns (planned vs. unplanned) can reflect health system efficiency and unmet needs.
- Analyzing sex differences in hospitalization circumstances is vital for identifying health inequities.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between sex and the likelihood of unplanned versus planned hospitalizations across various disease categories.
- To identify specific diseases where sex influences hospitalization circumstances.
- To assess the potential of hospitalization data as an indicator of gender-based health inequalities.
Main Methods:
- A cross-sectional retrospective study utilizing hospitalization data from all registered centers in the Basque Country (2016-2018).
- Inclusion of 700,047 hospitalizations for comprehensive analysis.
- Statistical analysis using adjusted odds ratios to determine the association between sex and admission circumstances for each diagnostic category.
Main Results:
- Women exhibited higher odds of unplanned hospitalization for circulatory system diseases and inguinal hernia.
- Men showed higher odds of unplanned hospitalization for neoplasms, metabolic diseases, and multiple sclerosis.
- Significant sex-based differences were observed across multiple disease categories.
Conclusions:
- Sex is a significant factor influencing hospitalization circumstances, indicating potential gender-based disparities in healthcare.
- Hospitalization data, analyzed by sex, serves as a sensitive indicator for detecting diseases associated with gender inequalities.
- Findings underscore the need for sex-specific health strategies to address systemic inequities.
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