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5G-AKA-FS: A 5G Authentication and Key Agreement Protocol for Forward Secrecy.

Ilsun You1, Gunwoo Kim1, Seonghan Shin2

  • 1Department of Financial Information Security, Kookmin University, Seoul-si 02707, Republic of Korea.

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|January 11, 2024
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study enhances 5G primary authentication by introducing 5G-AKA-FS, a protocol that achieves forward security and prevents linkability attacks. Formal verification confirms its validity, balancing security with efficiency for 5G networks.

Keywords:
5G security5G-AKAforward secrecy (FS)standard compatibility

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Area of Science:

  • Cybersecurity and Network Protocols
  • Mobile Communication Security
  • Cryptography

Background:

  • 5G network security relies on primary authentication protocols like 5G-Authentication and Key Agreement (5G-AKA) and EAP-AKA'.
  • Vulnerabilities in 5G-AKA, such as linkability attacks, necessitate protocol improvements.
  • The evolving 5G landscape, including Authentication and Key Management for Applications (AKMA), demands enhanced security features like forward secrecy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose an augmented 5G-AKA protocol, termed 5G-AKA-FS, that addresses identified vulnerabilities.
  • To achieve forward security and mitigate linkability attacks in 5G primary authentication.
  • To ensure the proposed protocol is formally verified for security and evaluated for performance.

Main Methods:

  • A novel augmentation to the 5G-AKA protocol (5G-AKA-FS) is proposed.
  • The home network generates ephemeral key pairs for enhanced session key negotiation.
  • Formal security verification is conducted using BAN Logic and ProVerif.

Main Results:

  • The proposed 5G-AKA-FS protocol successfully achieves forward security.
  • Linkability attacks are effectively thwarted by the new protocol.
  • Formal verification confirms the validity and security of 5G-AKA-FS.

Conclusions:

  • 5G-AKA-FS provides a robust solution for 5G primary authentication, enhancing security against known attacks.
  • The protocol demonstrates a practical balance between advanced security features and acceptable communication/computation overheads.
  • This work contributes to securing the digital transformation enabled by 5G technology.