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Evaluating Transport Layer Security 1.3 Optimization Strategies for 5G Cross-Border Roaming: A Comprehensive Security

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  • 1Department of Cyber Security, Kookmin University, Seoul 02707, Republic of Korea.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

New Zero Round Trip Time Forward Secrecy (0-RTT FS) protocol ensures secure 5G roaming. This 0-RTT FS extension provides perfect forward secrecy and replay protection, overcoming latency-security trade-offs in Transport Layer Security (TLS) 1.3.

Keywords:
5G roamingN32 interfaceProVerifSecurity Edge Protection ProxyTLS 1.3formal verificationinter-PLMN communication

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Area of Science:

  • Telecommunications Engineering
  • Network Security
  • Cryptography

Background:

  • Cross-border 5G roaming relies on secure N32 connections via Security Edge Protection Proxy (SEPP).
  • Current Transport Layer Security (TLS) 1.3 implementations present a latency-security trade-off for roaming.
  • Standard TLS 1.3 optimizations compromise Perfect Forward Secrecy (PFS) or introduce replay vulnerabilities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Introduce a novel protocol extension, Zero Round Trip Time Forward Secrecy (0-RTT FS), for secure 5G roaming.
  • Address the limitations of existing TLS 1.3 optimizations in balancing performance and security.
  • Enable sub-millisecond secure handshakes for international roaming services.

Main Methods:

  • Developed the 0-RTT FS protocol extension.
  • Conducted formal verification using ProVerif.
  • Performed comprehensive performance evaluations.

Main Results:

  • 0-RTT FS achieves 195.0 μs handshake latency with only 17% overhead compared to insecure 0-RTT.
  • The protocol provides full security guarantees, including PFS and replay protection.
  • Identified and mitigated critical replay vulnerabilities in standard TLS 1.3 optimization modes.

Conclusions:

  • 0-RTT FS offers a solution to the latency-security trade-off in TLS 1.3 for 5G roaming.
  • The protocol enables secure and high-performance international mobile communication.
  • Provides a framework for operators to configure secure, low-latency roaming handshakes.