[Immunology: what's new in 2023]

Area of Science:

• Immunology
• Rheumatology
• Pharmacology

Context:

• Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complex autoimmune disorder with widespread organ involvement and significant immune dysregulation.
• Current SLE management involves addressing immune disturbances, with a focus on novel therapeutic targets.

Purpose:

• To review recent advancements in the pharmacological management of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE).
• To highlight emerging therapies and their potential impact on diverse patient populations and disease manifestations.

Summary:

• Monoclonal antibodies targeting type I interferon (anifrolumab) and B-cell activating cytokines (belimumab) demonstrate efficacy in SLE treatment.
• Voclosporine, a calcineurin inhibitor, improves renal outcomes in lupus nephritis when used with standard immunosuppression.
• Investigational therapies including obinutuzumab and CAR-T cells are being explored for refractory SLE cases.

Impact:

• These novel treatments expand therapeutic options for SLE, potentially improving patient outcomes and quality of life.
• Further research is needed to establish the long-term efficacy and safety profiles of these emerging SLE therapies.
• Emphasis on foundational lifestyle interventions such as smoking cessation, sun protection, and hydroxychloroquine remains critical in comprehensive SLE care.