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Role of Hydrogen Sulfide in Oncological and Non-Oncological Disorders and Its Regulation by Non-Coding RNAs: A
Rana A Youness1,2, Danira Ashraf Habashy3,4, Nour Khater1
1Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo (GUC), Cairo 11835, Egypt.
Abstract:
Recently, myriad studies have defined the versatile abilities of gasotransmitters and their synthesizing enzymes to play a "Maestro" role in orchestrating several oncological and non-oncological circuits and, thus, nominated them as possible therapeutic targets. Although a significant amount of work has been conducted on the role of nitric oxide (NO) and carbon monoxide (CO) and their inter-relationship in the field of oncology, research about hydrogen sulfide (H2S) remains in its infancy. Recently, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have been reported to play a dominating role in the regulation of the endogenous machinery system of H2S in several pathological contexts. A growing list of microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are leading the way as upstream regulators for H2S biosynthesis in different mammalian cells during the development and progression of human diseases; therefore, their targeting can be of great therapeutic benefit. In the current review, the authors shed the light onto the biosynthetic pathways of H2S and their regulation by miRNAs and lncRNAs in various oncological and non-oncological disorders.
Insights
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a gasotransmitter crucial in diseases. Non-coding RNAs, including microRNAs and long non-coding RNAs, regulate H2S biosynthesis, offering potential therapeutic targets for various disorders.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Molecular Biology
- Oncology
Background:
- Gasotransmitters like nitric oxide (NO) and carbon monoxide (CO) are well-studied in oncology.
- Research on hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and its role in diseases is emerging.
- Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are increasingly recognized for regulating cellular processes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the biosynthetic pathways of hydrogen sulfide (H2S).
- To explore the regulatory roles of microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in H2S biosynthesis.
- To highlight the therapeutic potential of targeting H2S regulation in oncological and non-oncological disorders.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of existing studies on H2S, ncRNAs, and disease.
- Analysis of the interplay between H2S biosynthesis and ncRNA regulation.
- Synthesis of information on the involvement of H2S in various pathological conditions.
Main Results:
- H2S biosynthesis pathways are complex and influenced by multiple factors.
- miRNAs and lncRNAs act as key upstream regulators of H2S production in mammalian cells.
- Dysregulation of H2S by ncRNAs is implicated in the development and progression of human diseases.
Conclusions:
- H2S is a significant gasotransmitter with emerging roles in pathology.
- ncRNAs, particularly miRNAs and lncRNAs, are critical regulators of H2S homeostasis.
- Targeting ncRNA-mediated regulation of H2S presents a promising therapeutic strategy for diverse diseases.
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