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Related Concept Videos

Taping Over Different Ground Profiles01:12

Taping Over Different Ground Profiles

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Taping over varying ground profiles requires careful adaptation to achieve accurate measurements. On smooth, level ground with minimal vegetation, the tape can rest directly on the ground. Here, the taping team, typically consisting of a head and a rear tapeman, coordinates their positions with clear communication. The rear tapeman holds the tape at the starting point and guides the head tapeman toward a range pole placed beyond the endpoint, using hand or voice signals to ensure alignment.On...
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Common Leveling Mistakes and Errors01:17

Common Leveling Mistakes and Errors

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A survey team is tasked with determining the elevation difference between points Point A and Point B, separated by uneven terrain. They use a leveling instrument and a leveling rod.Common MistakesMisreading the Rod: During a backsight reading at Point A, the instrumentman observes the rod partially obscured by tall grass. Instead of reading 1.135 m, they mistakenly record 1.735 m due to the misalignment of the crosshair with the wrong graduation. This error adds 0.600 m to all subsequent...
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Distance Corrections01:15

Distance Corrections

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To achieve precise distance measurements, especially in surveying and construction, certain corrections must be applied to account for potential sources of error like the standardization errors, temperature variations, and slope adjustments.Standardization error emerges when measurement equipment undergoes changes, such as wear, repairs, or weather impacts. To address this, surveyors compare the equipment’s readings to a standard. This process identifies any deviation that might lead to...
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Adjusting a Traverse01:12

Adjusting a Traverse

60
In the site survey of a four-sided traverse, internal angles are essential to ensure geometric accuracy. The survey revealed that the sum of the measured internal angles was 359 degrees and 48 minutes, which is 12 minutes less than the expected 360 degrees. This discrepancy signals an error likely arising from measurement inaccuracies during the fieldwork.To rectify this error, the adjustment process involved distributing the 12-minute shortfall equally across the four internal angles. By...
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Design Example: Traverse Angle Computations01:25

Design Example: Traverse Angle Computations

82
Traverse angle computations are a critical component of surveying, used to compute the internal angles within a closed traverse. A traverse consists of a series of connected lines forming a closed loop, often used for land boundary delineation or mapping. Calculating the internal angles ensures accuracy in the traverse geometry and is essential for checking survey data integrity.The process begins with known azimuths and bearings of the traverse sides. Internal angles at each vertex are...
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Influence of Earth's Curvature and Atmospheric Refraction on Leveling01:26

Influence of Earth's Curvature and Atmospheric Refraction on Leveling

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During leveling, the Earth's curvature and atmospheric refraction introduce deviations in the line of sight from a true horizontal reference. When the line of sight is leveled, it remains perpendicular to the plumb line only at a single point. Beyond this, it deviates due to the Earth’s curvature, represented by the correction C. For a sight distance D, the deviation can be derived using the relationship:This relationship shows that the deviation increases quadratically with distance.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 5, 2025

Tracking Infiltration Front Depth Using Time-lapse Multi-offset Gathers Collected with Array Antenna Ground Penetrating Radar
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Research on Time Series-Based Pipeline Ground Penetrating Radar Calibration Angle Prediction Algorithm.

Maoxuan Xu1, Feng Yang1, Yuanjin Fang1

  • 1School of Mechanical Electronic and Information Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|January 23, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A deep learning model using Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) effectively predicts guiding wheel angles and torque for pipeline robots. This enhances ground-penetrating radar accuracy in detecting underground pipeline defects.

Keywords:
deflection angle predictionintelligent deflection correctionlong short-term memory neural networkspipeline penetrating radar robotunderground space security

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Area of Science:

  • Geophysics
  • Robotics
  • Artificial Intelligence

Background:

  • Underground infrastructure security relies on accurate detection of defects within pipelines.
  • Pipeline robots navigating underground drainage systems experience posture deviations due to various factors.
  • Precise spatial positioning of ground-penetrating radar (GPR) antennas is crucial for defect detection.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an intelligent control system for correcting pipeline robot posture.
  • To propose a time-series-based algorithm for predicting guiding wheel correction angles and torque.
  • To leverage deep learning for enhancing the accuracy of GPR defect localization.

Main Methods:

  • A wheeled pipeline robot equipped with a guiding wheel was utilized for posture correction.
  • A Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) deep learning model was employed for predicting correction angles and torque.
  • The performance of the LSTM model was compared against an Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) model.

Main Results:

  • The LSTM model demonstrated reduced mean absolute error (MAE) by 4.11° for angles and 8.25 N·m for torque.
  • Mean squared error (MSE) for predicted angles and torques decreased by 10.66% and 7.27%, respectively.
  • Experimental results showed an average correction speed of 5 seconds and an angular error of ±1°.

Conclusions:

  • The LSTM-based prediction model effectively corrects pipeline robot posture in real-time with high accuracy.
  • This intelligent attitude correction significantly enhances the precision of GPR antennas in locating pipeline defects.
  • The proposed method offers a robust solution for improving underground space security through advanced robotic GPR systems.