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Lip color diversity: An intricate study.

Héloïse Vergnaud1, Zoé Charton1, David Blumenthal2

  • 1LVMH Recherche, Neuilly-sur-Seine, France.

Skin Research and Technology : Official Journal of International Society for Bioengineering and the Skin (ISBS) [And] International Society for Digital Imaging of Skin (ISDIS) [And] International Society for Skin Imaging (ISSI)
|January 29, 2024
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Summary

Lip color diversity varies significantly across ethnicities, with African American women showing the most variation. This study identified 11 distinct lip tones to guide inclusive cosmetic development.

Keywords:
color diversityhyperspectral measurementlip colorstatistical clustering

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Area of Science:

  • Cosmetic Science
  • Dermatology
  • Colorimetry

Background:

  • Lip color research lags behind skin tone studies, despite growing demand for natural-looking makeup.
  • Understanding lip color diversity is crucial for the cosmetic industry, especially for "nude" shades.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze lip color diversity across Caucasian, African, and Hispanic ethnicities.
  • To utilize spectral color measurement for characterizing ethnic lip color variations and overlaps.

Main Methods:

  • Hyperspectral imaging (SpectraFace) measured natural lip color in 410 women across diverse ethnicities.
  • Hierarchical clustering analysis identified distinct lip color groups based on colorimetric data.

Main Results:

  • Lip color exists on a continuous spectrum with substantial intra- and inter-ethnic diversity.
  • African American women exhibited significant variation in lip chroma and lightness.
  • A two-step clustering analysis defined 11 distinct lip tone groups, reflecting diversity and overlap.

Conclusions:

  • The 11 identified lip tones can inform the creation of more inclusive nude lip cosmetic ranges.
  • This research provides a foundation for developing targeted shades for diverse consumer needs.