Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 4, 2025
04:51
Author Spotlight: Functionalizing Metal-Organic Frameworks: Advancements, Challenges, and the Power of Post-Synthetic Ligand Exchange
Published on: June 23, 2023
2.9K
Covalent Post-Synthetic Modification of Metal-Organic Cages: Concepts and Recent Progress
Dong Luo1, Xiao-Wei Zhu1,2, Xiao-Ping Zhou1
1College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Supramolecular Coordination Materials and Applications Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510632, P.R. China.
Chemistry (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)
|January 31, 2024
Summary
Post-synthetic modification (PSM) enhances metal-organic cages (MOCs) by introducing new functionalities. Covalent PSM offers tailored structures and functions for MOCs, overcoming limitations of building blocks.
Area of Science:
- Supramolecular Chemistry
- Materials Science
- Organic Chemistry
Background:
- Metal-organic cages (MOCs) are coordination complexes with internal cavities for guest molecules.
- The functionality of MOCs is constrained by their constituent building blocks.
- Post-synthetic modification (PSM) allows for altering MOCs without changing their core structure.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore covalent post-synthetic modification (PSM) as a method to functionalize MOCs.
- To introduce new functional groups onto MOCs for tailored properties and applications.
- To review organic reaction types used in covalent PSM and their outcomes.
Main Methods:
- Focuses on covalent PSM techniques applied to MOCs.
- Discusses modifications targeting either the internal cavity or external surface of MOCs.
- Reviews various organic reaction chemistries applicable to MOC functionalization.
Main Results:
- Covalent PSM enables the customization of MOC structures and functions.
- Modified MOCs exhibit diverse new applications.
- Identifies challenges, including balancing MOC stability with reaction conditions.
Conclusions:
- Covalent PSM is a powerful strategy for advancing MOC applications.
- Further research is needed to overcome limitations in MOC stability during modification.
- This approach holds significant promise for developing advanced functional materials.
Related Concept Videos
01:23Properties of Organometallic Compounds
996
Organometallic compounds are compounds that contain a carbon–metal bond. Carbon belongs to an organyl group like alkyl, aryl, allyl, or benzyl groups. The metal can be from Group I or Group II of the periodic table, a transition metal, or a semimetal.
996
02:51Metal-Ligand Bonds
20.8K
The hemoglobin in the blood, the chlorophyll in green plants, vitamin B-12, and the catalyst used in the manufacture of polyethylene all contain coordination compounds. Ions of the metals, especially the transition metals, are likely to form complexes.
In these complexes, transition metals form coordinate covalent bonds, a kind of Lewis acid-base interaction in which both of the electrons in the bond are contributed by a donor (Lewis base) to an electron acceptor (Lewis acid). The Lewis acid in...
In these complexes, transition metals form coordinate covalent bonds, a kind of Lewis acid-base interaction in which both of the electrons in the bond are contributed by a donor (Lewis base) to an electron acceptor (Lewis acid). The Lewis acid in...
20.8K
01:19Complexation Equilibria: The Chelate Effect
518
In complexation reactions, metal atoms or cations interact with ligands to form donor-acceptor adducts called metal complexes. Ligands that bind through one donor site are monodentate, ligands with two donor sites are bidentate, and those with more than two donor sites are polydentate ligands. For example, ethylene diamine is a bidentate ligand that binds through two nitrogen donor atoms, forming a five-membered ring. EDTA is a polydentate ligand that binds through four oxygen and two nitrogen...
518
02:42Valence Bond Theory
8.6K
Coordination compounds and complexes exhibit different colors, geometries, and magnetic behavior, depending on the metal atom/ion and ligands from which they are composed. In an attempt to explain the bonding and structure of coordination complexes, Linus Pauling proposed the valence bond theory, or VBT, using the concepts of hybridization and the overlapping of the atomic orbitals. According to VBT, the central metal atom or ion (Lewis acid) hybridizes to provide empty orbitals of suitable...
8.6K
01:09Complexation Equilibria: Factors Influencing Stability of Complexes
370
In complexation reactions, metal cations are the electron pair acceptors, and the ligands are the electron pair donors. The stability of the metal complexes depends primarily on the complexing ability of the central metal ion and the nature of the ligands. Generally, the complexing ability of the metal ion depends on the size and charge of the ion. As the metal ion size increases, the stability of the metal complexes decreases, provided that the valency of the metal ion and the ligands remain...
370
02:34Structural Isomerism
19.2K
Isomerism in Complexes
Isomers are different chemical species that have the same chemical formula. Structural isomerism of coordination compounds can be divided into two subcategories, the linkage isomers and coordination-sphere isomers.
Linkage isomers occur when the coordination compound contains a ligand that can bind to the transition metal center through two different atoms. For example, the CN− ligand can bind through the carbon atom or through the nitrogen atom. Similarly, SCN− can...
Isomers are different chemical species that have the same chemical formula. Structural isomerism of coordination compounds can be divided into two subcategories, the linkage isomers and coordination-sphere isomers.
Linkage isomers occur when the coordination compound contains a ligand that can bind to the transition metal center through two different atoms. For example, the CN− ligand can bind through the carbon atom or through the nitrogen atom. Similarly, SCN− can...
19.2K