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Pulmonary function in children post -SARS-CoV-2 infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Elham Bakhtiari1, Nasrin Moazzen2,3

  • 1Clinical Research Development Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.

BMC Pediatrics
|February 2, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Long COVID in children may present with respiratory symptoms like cough and dyspnea. However, pulmonary function tests show no abnormalities after SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Pulmonology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Respiratory Medicine

Background:

  • Concerns exist regarding long-term respiratory complications in children following SARS-CoV-2 infection.
  • Evaluating post-COVID-19 respiratory health in pediatric populations is crucial for understanding long-term outcomes.

Approach:

  • A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted, searching databases up to March 30, 2023.
  • Included studies focused on children with prior SARS-CoV-2 infection, assessing respiratory symptoms and pulmonary function.
  • Pooled means and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated for key spirometry parameters.

Key Points:

  • Commonly reported symptoms included dyspnea, cough, exercise intolerance, and fatigue.
  • Meta-analysis revealed normal mean values for forced expiratory volume (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), FEV1/FVC ratio, and forced expiratory flow.
  • Diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide also showed no significant deviation from normal ranges.
  • Spirometry parameters remained stable before and after bronchodilator inhalation, indicating no significant airway hyperresponsiveness.

Conclusions:

  • Despite the presence of some respiratory symptoms, children generally exhibit normal pulmonary function post-SARS-CoV-2 infection.
  • Disease severity and pre-existing asthma did not appear to influence these pulmonary function outcomes.
Abstract

Keywords:
COVID-19ChildMeta-analysisPulmonary function testSystematic review

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