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Related Concept Videos

Ribosomes01:27

Ribosomes

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Ribosomes translate genetic information encoded by messenger RNA (mRNA) into proteins. Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have ribosomes. Cells that synthesize large quantities of protein—such as secretory cells in the human pancreas—can contain millions of ribosomes.
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Prokaryotic Cells01:51

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Prokaryotes are small unicellular organisms that include the domains—Archaea and Bacteria. Bacteria include many common organisms, such as Salmonella and E. coli, while the Archaea include extremophiles that live in harsh environments, such as volcanic springs.
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Vesicular Tubular Clusters01:45

Vesicular Tubular Clusters

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After budding out from the ER membrane, some COPII vesicles lose their coat and fuse with one another to form larger vesicles and interconnected tubules called vesicular tubular clusters or VTCs. These clusters constitute a compartment at the ER-Golgi interface known as ERGIC (Endoplasmic Reticulum Golgi Intermediate Compartment). The ERGIC is a mobile membrane-bound cargo transport system that sorts proteins secreted from ER and delivers them to the Golgi.
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Combining X-Ray Crystallography with Small Angle X-Ray Scattering to Model Unstructured Regions of Nsa1 from S. Cerevisiae
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Ribosomal Protein Cluster Organization in Asgard Archaea.

Madhan R Tirumalai1, Raghavan V Sivaraman2, Layla A Kutty3

  • 1Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204-5001, USA.

Archaea (Vancouver, B.C.)
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Asgard Archaea genomes show conserved ribosomal protein gene clusters, differing from Bacteria and Eukarya. This suggests a potential early transition in genome organization strategies.

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Genomics
  • Evolutionary Biology

Background:

  • Asgard Archaea are proposed as a link between Archaea and Eukarya.
  • Archaeal ribosomes share similarities with Eukaryotic ribosomes.
  • Bacterial and non-Asgard Archaea genomes typically organize ribosomal protein genes into operons, unlike Eukaryotes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the genome organization of conserved ribosomal protein (r-protein) genes in Asgard Archaea.
  • To compare these gene orders with those in non-Asgard Archaea and Bacteria.
  • To understand the evolutionary implications for genome organization.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of 17 Asgard archaeal genomes (13 complete, 4 partial).
  • Identification and comparison of conserved ribosomal protein gene clusters.
  • Comparative genomics with bacterial and other archaeal genomes.

Main Results:

  • A conserved core of two ribosomal protein gene clusters (14 and 4 genes) was identified in Asgard Archaea, analogous to bacterial S10 and spc operons.
  • Thirteen Asgard genomes contained the complete 14-gene cluster.
  • Four less conserved clusters with bacterial equivalents were found, and a new L7ae cluster was identified.
  • Ribosomal protein gene cluster organization in Asgard Archaea is often less conserved than in other Archaea.

Conclusions:

  • Asgard Archaea possess conserved ribosomal protein gene clusters, but their organization is less conserved than in other Archaea.
  • The findings suggest a possible early transition in genome organization strategies, potentially moving away from or towards the operon model.
  • Ribosome-related gene organization in Asgard Archaea warrants separate consideration when inferring evolutionary relationships.