Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Non-ohmic Devices00:51

Non-ohmic Devices

1.1K
In most substances, the current flow is proportional to the voltage applied to it. A simple relationship between the values of current, voltage, and resistance is known as Ohm's law. Nonohmic devices do not exhibit a linear relationship between voltage and current. One such device is the semiconducting circuit element known as a diode. A diode is a circuit device that allows current flow in only one direction.
Consider a simple circuit consisting of a battery, a diode, and a resistor. A...
1.1K
Network Function of a Circuit01:25

Network Function of a Circuit

290
Frequency response analysis in electrical circuits provides vital insights into a circuit's behavior as the frequency of the input signal changes. The transfer function, a mathematical tool, is instrumental in understanding this behavior. It defines the relationship between phasor output and input and comes in four types: voltage gain, current gain, transfer impedance, and transfer admittance. The critical components of the transfer function are the poles and zeros.
290
Fast Decoupled and DC Powerflow01:24

Fast Decoupled and DC Powerflow

192
The fast decoupled power flow method addresses contingencies in power system operations, such as generator outages or transmission line failures. This method provides quick power flow solutions, essential for real-time system adjustments. Fast decoupled power flow algorithms simplify the Jacobian matrix by neglecting certain elements, leading to two sets of decoupled equations:
192
MOSFET: Enhancement Mode01:22

MOSFET: Enhancement Mode

336
Enhancement-mode MOSFETs are pivotal components in electronics, distinguished by their capacity to act as highly efficient switches. They are part of the larger family of metal-oxide Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistors (MOSFETs). They are available in two types: p-channel and n-channel, each tailored to specific polarity operations.
In their basic form, enhancement-mode MOSFETs are typically non-conductive when the gate-source voltage (Vgs) is zero. This default 'off' state means no...
336
Semiconductors01:22

Semiconductors

703
There is variation in the electrical conductivity of materials - metals, semiconductors, and insulators that are showcased with the help of the energy band diagrams.
Metals such as copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), or lead (Pb) have low resistivity and feature conduction bands that are either not fully occupied or overlap with the valence band, making a bandgap non-existent. This allows electrons in the highest energy levels of the valence band to easily transition to the conduction band upon gaining...
703
Metal-Semiconductor Junctions01:24

Metal-Semiconductor Junctions

352
The contact of metal and semiconductor can lead to the formation of a junction with either Schottky or Ohmic behavior.
Schottky Barriers
Schottky barriers arise when a metal with a work function (Φm) contacts a semiconductor with a different work function (Φs). Initially, electrons transfer until the Fermi levels of the metal and semiconductor align at equilibrium. For instance, if Φm > Φs, the semiconductor Fermi level is higher than the metal's before contact. The...
352

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Anticipative QoS Control: A Self-Reconfigurable On-Chip Communication.

Micromachines·2022
Same author

Automatic Key Update Mechanism for Lightweight M2M Communication and Enhancement of IoT Security: A Case Study of CoAP Using Libcoap Library.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)·2022
Same journal

RETRACTED: Zhang et al. A Novel Framework for Reconstruction and Imaging of Target Scattering Centers via Wide-Angle Incidence in Radar Networks. <i>Sensors</i> 2025, <i>25</i>, 6802.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same journal

Enhancing Unsupervised Multi-Source Domain Adaptation for Person Re-Identification via Mixture of Experts and Graph-Based Relation.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same journal

Development of an Instrumented Glove for Palmar Pressure Assessment in Kayakers.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same journal

Development and Experimental Validation of an Autonomous IoT-Based Monitoring System for Real-Time Water Quality Assessment in the Amazon River.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same journal

Semi-Supervised Adversarial Learning Framework for Controller Area Network Bus Intrusion Detection.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same journal

Smart Optimization Method for Safety Signs in Innovative Manufacturing Environments Integrating Industrial Field IoT Sensors and Knowledge Graphs.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 3, 2025

Author Spotlight: Automated Deep Brain Stimulation for Parkinson's Disease - Exploring the Possibilities and Challenges of Home Monitoring
06:32

Author Spotlight: Automated Deep Brain Stimulation for Parkinson's Disease - Exploring the Possibilities and Challenges of Home Monitoring

Published on: July 14, 2023

1.3K

Field-Programmable Gate Array-Based Implementation of Zero-Trust Stream Data Encryption for Enabling 6G-Narrowband

Wen-Chung Tsai1

  • 1Department of Intelligent Production Engineering, National Taichung University of Science and Technology, Taichung City 404, Taiwan.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|February 10, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a hardware-software co-designed mechanism for 6G Narrowband IoT (NB-IoT) security, enhancing Massive Machine-Type Communications (mMTCs). The solution significantly reduces micro-processor load for secure data transmissions.

Keywords:
Internet of Thingshardware accelerationinformation securityone-time padone-time passwordzero-trust network

More Related Videos

Integration of 5G Experimentation Infrastructures into a Multi-Site NFV Ecosystem
10:15

Integration of 5G Experimentation Infrastructures into a Multi-Site NFV Ecosystem

Published on: February 3, 2021

3.8K
Protocol for Biofilm Streamer Formation in a Microfluidic Device with Micro-pillars
07:19

Protocol for Biofilm Streamer Formation in a Microfluidic Device with Micro-pillars

Published on: August 20, 2014

12.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 3, 2025

Author Spotlight: Automated Deep Brain Stimulation for Parkinson's Disease - Exploring the Possibilities and Challenges of Home Monitoring
06:32

Author Spotlight: Automated Deep Brain Stimulation for Parkinson's Disease - Exploring the Possibilities and Challenges of Home Monitoring

Published on: July 14, 2023

1.3K
Integration of 5G Experimentation Infrastructures into a Multi-Site NFV Ecosystem
10:15

Integration of 5G Experimentation Infrastructures into a Multi-Site NFV Ecosystem

Published on: February 3, 2021

3.8K
Protocol for Biofilm Streamer Formation in a Microfluidic Device with Micro-pillars
07:19

Protocol for Biofilm Streamer Formation in a Microfluidic Device with Micro-pillars

Published on: August 20, 2014

12.2K

Area of Science:

  • Telecommunications Engineering
  • Computer Security
  • Network Architecture

Background:

  • The evolution to 6G Narrowband IoT (NB-IoT) presents significant security challenges for Massive Machine-Type Communications (mMTCs).
  • 6G base stations (gNB) and User Equipment (UE) require enhanced capacity for numerous connections and sustained performance.
  • Existing systems face hurdles in managing the demands of high-density, secure IoT deployments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a novel hardware-accelerated and software co-designed mechanism for secure IoT communications in 6G networks.
  • To enhance the security and performance of streaming data transmissions and zero-trust inter-endpoint communications.
  • To offload processing from micro-processors and improve overall system operation efficiency.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a hardware-accelerated and software co-designed mechanism for endpoint communications.
  • Implementation of secure zero-trust inter-endpoint communication protocols.
  • Utilizing Field-Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGA) for hardware acceleration.
  • Employing non-repeating keys for enhanced security during data block transfers.

Main Results:

  • The proposed mechanism significantly reduces micro-processor processing time: 85.61% in key block generations, 99.71% in non-repeating checks, and 95.68% in data block transfers.
  • Demonstrated enhancement in global system operation performance through hardware and software co-design.
  • Successful implementation of secure streaming data transmissions and zero-trust communications.

Conclusions:

  • The hardware-accelerated, software co-designed approach effectively addresses 6G NB-IoT security challenges for mMTCs.
  • The proposed mechanism offers substantial performance gains and security improvements for IoT endpoints.
  • This solution is crucial for enabling robust and secure massive IoT deployments in future 6G networks.