Solid-State ¹⁸³W NMR Spectroscopy as a High-Resolution Probe of Polyoxotungstate Structures and Dynamics

Polyoxometalates such as ammonium paratungstate (APT) constitute an important class of metal oxides with applications for catalysis, (opto)electronics, and functional materials. Structural analyses of solid polyoxometalates mostly rely on X-ray or neutron diffraction techniques, which are largely limited to compounds that can be isolated with long-range crystallographic order. While ¹⁸³W NMR has been shown to probe polyoxotungstate structures and dynamics in solution, its application to solids has been extremely limited. Here, state-of-the-art methods for the detection of solid-state ¹⁸³W NMR spectra are tested and compared for APT in different hydration states. The highly resolved solid-state spectra distinguish each crystallographically distinct site in the tungstate structure. Furthermore, the ¹⁸³W chemical shifts are shown to be highly sensitive to the local structure, dynamics, and symmetry of APT, establishing solid-state ¹⁸³W NMR spectroscopy as a potent probe for analysis of polyoxotungstates and other tungsten-derived materials to complement solution NMR and diffraction-based techniques.